نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری مدیریت و برنامه ریزی در تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد مدیریت و برنامه ریزی در تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار مدیریت و برنامه ریزی در تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تبیین نقش تلویزیون در توسعۀ ورزش همگانی بود که به روش کیفی و استراتژی نظریه‌پردازی برخاسته از داده‌ها انجام گرفت. گردآوری داده‌ها با استفاده از بررسی اسناد و مصاحبه صورت گرفت. پس از انجام 21 مصاحبۀ عمیق و نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته با متخصصان رسانه و ورزش، اشباع نظری حاصلگشت و مقوله‌های اصلی پس از تکمیل فرایند کدگذاری استخراج گردید. همچنین، بررسی اسناد با دو رویکرد جایگاه تلویزیون در اسناد برنامه‌ای ورزش و جایگاه ورزش در اسناد فرادستی تلویزیون انجام شد. پس از تکمیل یافته‌ها مدل زمینه‌ای بر ‌اساس مدل سیستماتیک استراس و کوربین(1994) طراحی گردید. براساس یافته‌ها، مقولۀ محوری رویکرد نامناسب تلویزیون به ورزش همگانی شناسایی شد و مقوله‌های اصلی بر‌ مبنای مدل پارادایمی بر گرد آن سازماندهی گردید (این مقولات شرایط علی، شرایط تأثیرگذار و زمینه‌ای، استراتژی‌های کنش ‌ـ واکنش و پیامد‌ها را بازگو می‌کنند). برخی از شرایط علی شامل: عدم جذابیت مالی ورزش همگانی برای تلویزیون و محدود‌بودن تعامل دوسویۀ سازمان‌های متولی ورزش همگانی با شبکه‌های تلویزیون است. شرایط مداخله‌گر و زمینه‌ای در برگیرندۀ ضعف شبکه‌های مرتبط با حوزۀ سلامت، نیروی انسانی تلویزیون، جذابیت ناچیز ورزش همگانی برای مخاطبان تلویزیونی وگرایش مخاطب به تماشای تلویزیون با انگیزۀ تفریح و سرگرمی می‌باشد. علاوه‌ بر این، پیامدها عبارت هستند از: سهم ناچیز ورزش همگانی از ساعات پربینندۀ ورزش تلویزیون و نقش محدود تلویزیون در ایجاد انگیزه و آگاهی نسبت به فعالیت بدنی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

TV and Public Sport Development: A Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Batool Arabnarmi 1
  • Mahmood Goodarzi 2
  • Seyed Nasrollah Sajadi 2
  • Mohammad Khabiri 3

1 Ph.D. of Sport Management, University of Tehran

2 Professor of Sport Management, University of Tehran

3 Associate Professor of Sport Management, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of TV in development of public sport. This is a qualitative study using the Grounded Theory method. Data were collected through review of documents and interviews. Theoretical saturation was achieved after 21 deep and semi-structured interviews with experts and managers in sport and media fields. Categories were identified after completing the process of coding and data abstraction. Two approaches were used for content analysis of documents: the TV’s position in the public sport planning documents, and the position of public sport in national TV documents. The model was designed according to systematic model of Strauss and Corbin (1994). Inappropriate approach to public sport was identified as core phenomenon, and other categories were organized around this core phenomenon based on the paradigm model. These categories include casual conditions, contextual and intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. Some of the casual conditions were: lack of financial appeal of public sport for TV and limited interaction between the organizations responsible for public sport and TV networks. Contextual and intervening conditions included poor performance of networks related to the field of health, not attractive public sport for television viewers, and audience tendency to watch TV for entertainment. Consequences included public sport little contribution of primetime and the restricted role of television in motivation and awareness of physical activity. Finally, arose from the data, recommendations are presented based on existing conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Development
  • Public Sport
  • TV
  • Grounded Theory
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