نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار مدیریت دولتی- رفتار سازمانی، دانشکدة اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی- رفتار سازمانی، دانشکدة اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطة بین گرایش کارآفرینانه، فرهنگ فرصت طلبانه و برون سپاری منابع انسانی با مزیت رقابتی، ضمن بررسی اثر تعدیل کنندة سرمایة انسانی استراتژیک انجام شده است. این مطالعه از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از نوع توصیفی و با روش پیمایشی انجام شده است. جامعة آماری این مطالعه 115 نفر از کارکنان شرکت ورزشی کراس بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای تحلیل داده ها از روش حداقل مربعات جزئی و نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی.ال.اس. نسخة دو استفاده شد. به‌منظور سنجش روایی از روایی همگرا بهره گرفته شد و برای برازش پایایی آلفای کرونباخ به‌کار برده شد و ضریب آن برای تمام سازه های پژوهش بیشتر از 7/0 بود. یافته ها نشان داد که گرایش کارآفرینانه بر برون سپاری منابع انسانی تأثیر مثبت و معنادار داشت و فرهنگ فرصت طلبانه نیز تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر برونسپاری منابع انسانی داشت. نتایج پژوهش اثر مثبت و معنادار برون سپاری منابع انسانی بر مزیت رقابتی را تأیید کرد. برون سپاری منابع انسانی ارتباط میان گرایش کارآفرینانه و مزیت رقابتی را میانجی‌گری نمیکند، ولی ارتباط میان فرهنگ فرصت طلبانه و مزیت رقابتی را میانجی گری میکند؛ باوجوداین، سرمایة انسانی استراتژیک ارتباط بین برونسپاری منابع انسانی و مزیت رقابتی را تعدیل میکند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Opportunistic Culture and Human Resources Outsourcing in Gaining Competitive Advantage in Cross Sports Company
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Damghanian 1
- Mohammad Keshavarz 2
1 Associate Professor of Public Administration- Organizational Behavior, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of Administrative Management-Organizational Behavior, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, opportunistic culture and the outsourcing of human resources with competitive advantage while investigating the moderator effect of human capital. The purpose of this study is descriptive and survey method. The statistical population in this study was 115 employees of Cross Sports Company who were selected by convenience sampling method. To analyze the data, partial least squares and Smart PLS-2 software were used. To assess the validity of the convergent validity, for the fitting reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used and its coefficient for all research structures was more than 0.7. The findings show that entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on human resource outsourcing. Opportunistic culture also has a positive and significant effect on human resource outsourcing. The results of the research confirmed the positive and significant effect of outsourcing human resources on competitive advantage. HR outsourcing does not mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage, but mediates the relationship between opportunistic culture and competitive advantage. Nevertheless, human capital moderates the link between outsourcing of human resources and competitive advantage.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Entrepreneurial Orientation
- Opportunistic Culture
- Human Resources Outsourcing
- Competitive Advantage
- Human Capital
- Awwad, A. (2008). The link between competitive priorities and competitive advantage. In POMS 19 th Annual Conference. Jordan, Amman.
- Basu, R. (2015). Managing projects in research and development. : Gower Publishing. Manchester.
- Breuer, W., Ghufran, B., & Salzmann, A. J. (2018). National culture, managerial preferences, and takeover performance. International Business Review, 27(6), 1270-89.
- Cockburn, I. M., Henderson, R. M., & Stern, S. (2000). Untangling the origins of competitive advantage. Strategic management journal, 21(10‐11), 1123-45.
- Dahlgrün, P., & Bausch, A. (2018). How opportunistic culture affects financial performance in outsourcing relationships: A meta-analysis. Journal of International Management, 25(1), 81-100.
- Fesharaky, F., Sehat, S., & Mousavi, S. (2017). Investigating the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on business growth through branding. Journal of Strategic Management Researches, 23(66), 57-80. (in Persian).
- Gilleskie, D., & Hoffman, D. (2014). Health capital and human capital as explanations for health-related wage disparities. Journal of Human Capital, 8(3), 235-79.
- Gottardello, D., & Valverde, M. (2018). Human resource management outsourcing in Spanish firms: Evolution over time and implication for devolution. Intangible Capital, 14(1), 56-73.
- Grünhagen, M., Wollan, M., Dada, O., & Watson, A. (2014). The moderating influence of HR operational autonomy on the entrepreneurial orientation–performance link in franchise systems. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(4), 827-44.
- Handley, S. M., & Angst, C. M. (2015). The impact of culture on the relationship between governance and opportunism in outsourcing relationships. Strategic Management Journal, 36(9), 1412-34.
- Harrison, A., & Hoek, R. (2002). Logistics management and strategy. London, Pearson Education Limited.
- Hayton, J. C. (2003). Strategic human capital management in SMEs: An empirical study of entrepreneurial performance. Human Resource Management, 42(4), 375-91.
- Heydari, S. A. (2016). Explaining the position of organizational entrepreneurial orientation in realizing competitive advantages (A case study: Iranian Banking Industry). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 8(2), 223-52. (in Persian).
- Hossain, M., & Abdullah, A. M. (2017). Challenges and impacts of human resource outsourcing (HRO) in Bangladesh. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 7(3), 63-77.
- Ilagan, S. V. (2009). Exploring the impact of culture on the formation of consumer trust in internet shopping (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Wyoming,United states of america, Laramie.
- Irwin, K. C., Landay, K. M., Aaron, J. R., McDowell, W. C., Marino, L. D., & Geho, P. R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and human resources outsourcing (HRO): A “HERO” combination for SME performance. Journal of Business Research, 90, 134-40.
- Johnson, J. L., Cullen, J. B, & Sakano, T. (1996). Opportunistic tendencies in IJVs with the Japanese: The effects of culture, shared decision making, and relationship age. The International Executive, 38(1), 79-94.
- Khahande Karnama, A., Dehghan Najm Abadi, A., & Tajpour, M. (2017). The relationship between entrepreneurial orientations and occupational performance at TUMS student Health Center. Payavard, 11(2), 124-33. (in Persian).
- Kilenthong, P., Hultman, C. M., & Hills, G. E. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation as the determinant of entrepreneurial marketing behaviors. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 26(2), 1-22.
- Klaas, B. S., McClendon, J., & Gainey, T. W. (1999). HR outsourcing and its impact: The role of transaction costs. Personnel Psychology, 52(1), 113-36.
- Krausert, A. (2018). The HRM–capital market link: Effects of securities analysts on strategic human capital. Human Resource Management, 57(1), 97-110.
- Lepak, D. P., Bartol, K. M., & Erhardt, N. L. (2005). A contingency framework for the delivery of HR practices. Human Resource Management Review, 15(2), 139-59.
- Li, S., Ragu-Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Rao, S. S. (2006). The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance. Omega, 33, 107-24.
- Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (2001). Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 429-51.
- Madhoushi, M., Sadati, A., Delavari, H., Mehdivand, M., & Mihandost, R. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation and innovation performance: The mediating role of knowledge management. Asian Journal of Business Management, 3(4), 310-6.
- Melse, A. E. (2016). Get the ball rolling, supervisors! How the culture of an organisation influences the way in which its employees learn (Master's thesis), University of Sciences Po, Paris, france.
- Mitra, A., Winfrey, F. L., & Michalisin, M. D. (1998). Identifying sources of competitive advantage for new form organizations. Strategic Change, 7(2), 81-8.
- Molina, M. A., Pino, I. B., & Rodriguez, A. C. (2004). Industry, management, capabilities and firms' competitiveness: An empirical contribution. Managerial and Decision Economics, 25, 265-81.
- Nguyen, T., & Chang, M. L. (2017). Antecedents of human resources outsourcing decision in Vietnam. Personnel Review, 46(4), 702-17.
- Otsuka, K., & Sonobe, T. (2018). The role of human capital in cluster‐based industrial development. The Developing Economies, 56(2), 104-16.
- Pett, T., & Wolff, J. A. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation and learning in high and low performing SMEs. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 26(2), 71-86.
- Ployhart, R. E., Weekley, J. A., & Ramsey, J. (2009). The consequences of human resource stocks and flows: A longitudinal examination of unit service orientation and unit effectiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 52(5), 996-1015.
- Rieple, A., & Helm, C. (2008). Outsourcing for competitive advantage: An examination of seven legacy airlines. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(5), 280-5.
- Sanjaghi, M., Farrahi Boozanjani, B., Zohoorian Nadali, I., & Doroodi, H. (2013). Examining the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance with the social exchange approach: The role of organizational justice. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 6(3), 7-26. (in Persian).
- Tang, Z., & Tang, J. (2012). Entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance in China’s changing environment: The moderating effects of strategies. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(2), 409-31.
- Thisse, J. F. (2018). Human capital and agglomeration economies in urban development. The Developing Economies, 56(2), 117-39.
- Venter, A. (2014). An analysis of the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on businesssuccess in selected small and medium–sized enterprises Unpublished doctor dissertation).University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, south Africa.
- Wright, P. M., Coff, R., & Moliterno, T. P. (2014). Strategic human capital: Crossing the great divide. Journal of Management, 40(2), 353-70.
- Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (2011). Exploring human capital: Putting ‘human’back into strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Journal, 21(2), 93-104.
- Yepes i Baldó, M., Romeo Delgado, M., & Berger, R. (2012). Human Capital Questionnaire (PHCQ): Assessment of European nurses' perception as indicators of human capital quality. Nursing & Health Sciences, 15(2), 229-34.
- Vasconcelos, F. C., & Ramirez, R. (2011). Complexity in business environments. Journal of Business Research, 64(3), 236-41.
- Sheehan, C., & Cooper, B. K. (2011). HRM outsourcing: The impact of organisational size and HRM strategic involvement. Personnel Review, 40(6), 742-60.
- Sioutis, P., & Anagnostopoulos, K. (2016). Performance measurement of technology-production base of the firms: Ascertaining their strategic competitive advantage. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(3), 694-719.
- Rigtering, J. P. C. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation: Multilevel analysis and consequences (Doctoral dissertation, Utrecht University).
- Webster, C., & White, A. (2010). Exploring the national and organizational culture mix in service firms. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(6), 691-703.
- Baird, K., Harrison, G., & Reeve, R. (2007). The culture of Australian organizations and its relation with strategy. International Journal of Business Studies: A Publication of the Faculty of Business Administration, Edith Cowan University, 15(1), 15.
)