نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه مدرس، تهران
2 کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت اوقات‌فراغت و ورزشهای تفریحی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش تعیین تأثیر مشارکت پایدار در گردشگری ماجراجویانه بر توانمندسازی زنان بود. روش‌شناسیپژوهش حاضر ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و ازحیث روش، توصیفی-همبستگی بود و همچنین، بر مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بودو با استفاده از نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی.ال.اس. سه انجام شد. جامعة آماری این مطالعه تمام زنان ایرانی بودند که در فعالیتهای گردشگری ماجراجویانه مشارکت داشتند که 223 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه به‌صورت دردسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمعآوری دادهها پرسش‌نامة مشارکت پایدار در گردشگری ماجراجویانه از اریک بکمن (2013) و پرسش‌نامة پژوهشگرساخته‌ای برای سنجش توانمندسازی زنان بود. روایی این پرسش‌نامهها با کمک نظرهای اصلاحی اساتید جامعهشناسی و مدیریت ورزشی بررسی شد و پایایی پرسش‌نامهها با تعیین ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی تأیید شد.نتایج نشان داد که در ایران امکان توانمندسازی زنان در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فیزیکی و سیاسی ازطریق مشارکت آن‌ها در فعالیتهای ماجراجویانه وجود دارد. همچنین، توانمندسازی ازطریق مشارکت در گردشگری ماجراجویانه با توجه به ویژگیهای این نوع فعالیتهای جسمانی در فضاهای آزاد، به زنان ایرانی این فرصت را میدهد که ظرفیتهای خود را در کنترل و اثرگذاری بر تصمیم‌هایی ارتقا دهند که بر فضای زندگی شخصی آنان تأثیر می‌گذارند و به سود آن‌ها هستند. به سازمانهای متولی امور زنان پیشنهاد میشود به‌عنوان راهبردی جدید برای توانمندسازی زنان، به فراهم‌‌کردن فرصتهای مشارکت آن‌ها در فعالیتهای جسمانی و به‌طور خاص، ورزشهای ماجراجویانه اقدام کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effect of Enduring Involvement in Adventure Tourism on Women’s Empowerment
نویسندگان [English]
- Marjan Saffari 1
- Kolsoum Heidari 2
- Mahdi Latifi Fard 3
1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
2 M.Sc. of Leisure Management and Recreational Sports, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Ph.D. Student in Sport Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]
The present study aimed to determine the effect of enduring involvement in adventure tourism on women’s empowerment. The methodology of the present research has been applied in terms of purpose, and from the perspective of the method, descriptive-Correlation was specifically based on structural equation modeling using Smart PLS 3 software. The research population consisted of all Iranian women involved in adventure tourism, out of whom 223 were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using Beckman’s (2013) Enduring Involvement in an Adventure Tourism Questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure the women’s empowerment. The validity of the questionnaires was assessed by the opinions of Sociology and Sport Management professors, and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability. The results indicated that Iranian women can be empowered in social, economic, physical, and political aspects by being involved in adventure. Furthermore, as adventure tourism involves outdoor physical activity, this type of empowerment gives Iranian women the opportunity to make important decisions which favorably influence their personal life. It is suggested that organizations in charge of women affairs give women the opportunity to participate in physical activities, especially adventure sports, as a new empowerment strategy.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Enduring Involvement
- Adventure Tourism
- Women’s Empowerment
- Self-Expression
- Social Empowerment
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