مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی

ارائه مدل زمینه‌‌ای اثرات شیوع ویروس کرونا بر وضعیت ورزش ایران: شرایط، کنش ها و پیامدها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، مدرس گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه علوم انسانی، موسسه آموزش عالی نقش جهان، بهارستان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارائه مدل زمینه‌‌ای اثرات شیوع ویروس کرونا بر وضعیت ورزش ایران بود. روش پژوهش از نوع مطالعات کیفی براساس نظریه داده بنیاد بود. گردآوری داده‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه و بررسی اسناد صورت گرفت. با استفاده از نمونه گیری هدفمند، 17 متخصص حوزه تربیت بدنی و مدیریت ورزشی، علم اقتصاد و مدیریت به عنوان مشارکت کننده انتخاب شدند و از طریق مصاحبه های عمیق و نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته تا حد اشباع نظری داده ها جمع‌آوری شدند. با استناد به کدگذاری باز از طریق بازبینی مصاحبه‌‌های انجام گرفته با افراد مشارکت‌‌کننده در پژوهش 98 کد باز شناسایی شد. در ادامه با توجه به نتایج کدبندی محوری و روابط بین مقوله‌‌های شناسایی شده 14 کد محوری تشکیل گردید. براساس نتایج حاصل از کدگذاری نظری سه مقوله اصلی تحت عناوین شرایط، کنش ها و پیامدها استنتاج شد. مقوله شرایط در سه بُعد مدیریتی، زمینه‌‌ای و رفتاری؛ مقوله کنش در سه بُعد سیاست‌‌های مقابله‌‌ای، همراه‌‌سازی و حمایتی؛ مقوله پیامدها در هشت بُعد عوارض جسمانی، اضطراب اجتماعی، عوارض روان‌‌شناختی، چالش‌های اقتصادی، مخاطرات شغلی، افزایش مشکلات جسمی، بهبود ارتباطات و تعاملات و گرایش به سمت کسب و کارهای نوپا دسته‌‌بندی ‌‌شدند. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، پیشنهاد می‌شود در راستای کاهش اثرات ویروس کرونا در شرایط مشابه آینده یا ادامه این شرایط، مدیران و مسئولان مربوطه بر شرایط، کنش ها و پیامدهای شناسایی شده متمرکز شوند و سیاست‌های مدیریتی را در راستای این مؤلفه‌ها تدوین نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Presenting a contextual model of the effects of corona virus outbreak on the state of sports in Iran: conditions, actions and consequences

نویسندگان English

  • davood nasr esfahani 1
  • somayeh rahbari 2
  • Saeed Jafari 3
  • Abolhasan saberi 4
1 PhD in Sport Management, Lecturer of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Humanities, Naghshejahan Institute of Higher Education, Baharestan, Isfahan, Iran
3 PhD Student in Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Master of Sport Management, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده English

The purpose of this study was to present a contextual model of the effects of coronavirus outbreak on sports status in Iran. The research method was qualitative studies based on Grounded theory. Data were collected using interviews and document review. Using purposive sampling, 17 specialists in the fields of physical education and sports management, economics and management were selected as participants and data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews to the point of theoretical saturation. The reliability coefficient of retest interviews in this study was 0.94. The data analysis results were obtained using Maxqda quality analysis software in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Based on open coding, 98 open codes were identified by reviewing the interviews conducted with the participants in the study. Based on the results of axial coding and relationships between identified categories, 14 axial codes were formed. In the last step, according to the results of theoretical coding, three main categories of conditions, actions and consequences were inferred. Category of conditions in 3 dimensions of management, context and behavior; the category of action in 3 subsets of coping policies, accompaniment and support; the category of outcomes were categorized into 8 dimensions: physical effects, social anxiety., according to the research results, it was suggested that in order to reduce the effects of coronavirus in similar conditions in the future or the continuation of these conditions, managers and officials should focus on identified conditions, actions and consequences management policies in line with these components.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Corona virus
  • Sports
  • Iran
  • Grounded theory
  1. Ying-Ying Wong, A., Ka-Kin Ling, S., Lobo Hung-Tak, L., Ying-Kan Law, G., Chi-Hung So, R., Chi-Wo Lee, …, & Shu-Hang Yung, P. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise. Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 22, 39-44.
  2. Brakhas, H., Boroumand, M., Dastoom, S., Bozorgpour, B. (2020). Business Management in crisis period: Factors, challenges and strategies (Study of the sports industry in record conditions caused by Coronavirus). Sport Management Studies, doi: 10.22089/Smrj.2020.8874.3024 (in Persian).
  3. Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103-104.
  4. Clarkson, B. G., Culvin, A., Pope, S., & Parry, K. D. (2020). Covid-19: Reflections on threat and uncertainty for the future of elite women’s football in England. Managing Sport and Leisure. 27(1-2), 50-61.
  5. Cruyff, J. (2020). The impact of the Covid-19 on the management of sport organizations. Johan Cruyff Institute. Available at: https://johancruyffinstitute.com/en/blog-en/sport-management/impact-covid19-sport-organizations/
  6. Danaee Fard, H. (2010). Theory building: Fundamental and methodologies. Tehran: SAMT Publication. (in Persian).
  7. Devadas, U. M., Silong, A. D., & Ismail, I. A. (2011). The relevance of Glaserian and Straussian grounded theory approaches in researching human resource development. International Conference on Financial Management and Economics ,Vol. 11, pp. 348-352). :  .
  8. Elliott, S., Drummond, M. J., Prichard, I., Eime, R., Drummond, C., & Mason, R. (2021). Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on youth sport in Australia and consequences for future participation and retention. BMC Public Health, 21, 448.
  9. Eskiler, E., Yildiz, Y., & Ayhan, C. (2019). The effect of leisure benefits on leisure satisfaction: Extreme sports. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 21(1), 16-20.

 

  1. Evans, A. B., Blackwell, J., Dolan, P., Fahlén, J., Hoekman, R., Lenneis, V., & Wilcock, L. (2020). Sport in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: Towards an agenda for research in the sociology of sport. European Journal for Sport and Society, 15, 85-95.
  2. (2020). World Players Union. Available at: https://www.fifpro.org/en/health/coronavirus-shutdown-sharp-rise-in-players-reporting-depression-symptoms (Accessed 20 April 2020).
  3. Gauthier, J., & Morelix, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on global startup ecosystems: Global startup survey. Available at: https:// startupgenome .com/ blog/ covid19 -insights –global -startup -survey (Accessed 25 June 2020).
  4. Gholami, N., Aghaei, N., Mohammad Kazemi, R., Saffari, M. (2019). Value Proposition to the Customer in Sport Business Model. Sport Management Studies, 11(53), 83-98. (in Persian).
  5. Glaser, B. G. (1992). Basic of grounded theory analysis: Emergence vs. forces. Mill Valley, CA: Sinology Press.
  6. Goodarzi, M., & Mousavi, S. (2021). Challenges and opportunities of COVID-19 in front of Sports Management in Iran. Applied Research in Sport Management, 9(4), 11-22. (in Persian).
  7. Gospel, J., & Unyime-Young, M. (2020). Covid 19: Assessing the socio-economic effect of the Corona virus pandemic. International Journal of Surgery, 78, 185-193.
  8. Hammami, A., Harrabi, B., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2020). Physical activity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Specific recommendations for home-based physical training. Managing Sport and Leisure. 10, 15-22. (in Persian).
  9. Henriksen, K., Schinke, R. J., Moesch, K., McCann, S., Parham, W. D., Larsen, C. H., & Terry, P. (2019). Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high performance athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18(5), 1-8.
  10. Jaberi, A., & Mazloomi Soveini, F. (2021). Identifying the opportunities arising from the COVID-19 pandemic in sport context: A thematic analysis. Sport Management Studies, doi: 10.22089/smrj.2021.9570.3227 (in Persian).
  11. Jonathan, G., Paul, M. B., Holly, G., & Ross, N. (2021) The impact of Covid-19 on sport. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 13(1), 1-12.
  12. Kemmling, C. (2020). ‘VirtuelleKlatsche’. [Virtual Caning.] Segel Reporter. Availabls at: https://segelreporter.com/blogs/ knarrblog-esailing-bundesliga-mit-68-vereinen-selbstversuch-beim-ersten-spieltag/ (Accessed 11 April 2020).
  13. Kerr, N. (2013). Creating a protective picture: A grounded theory of rn decision making when using a charting-by-exception documentation system. Medsurg Nursing, 22(2), 110-8.
  14. Kuckertz, A., Brandle, L., Gaudig, A., Hinderer, S., Reyes, C. M., Prochotta, A., … , & Berger, E. S. (2020). Startups in times of crisis: A rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13: e00169.
  15. Malcolm, D., & Velija, P. (2020). COVID-19, exercise and bodily self-control. Sociología Del Deporte, 1(1), 29–34.
  16. Menati, H. (2020). Investigating the effects of the Corona virus on the global economy. Social Impact Assessment Quarterly (Special Issue of Coronavirus Outbreak), 2(1), 163-181. (in Persian).
  17. Mohamadkazemi, R., Zaffarian, R., Khodayari, A., & Javadinia, M. (2014). Identifying entrepreneurial business opportunities in sports industry with an IT approach. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 7(1), 95-112. (in Persian).
  18. Mohammad Kazemi, R., Rasekh, N., & Esmaili, F. (2017). Assessment of entrepreneurial attitude among managers of women’s sports clubs in Tehran. Sport Management Studies, 9(41), 111-126. (in Persian).
  19. Mohr, M., Nassis, G. P., Brito, J., Randers, M. B., Castagna, C., Parnell, D., & Carustrup, P. (2020). Return to elite football after the COVID-19 lockdown. Managing Sport and Leisure, 27(1-2), 172-180.
  20. Narici, M., De Vito, G., Franchi, M., Paoli, A., Moro, T., Marcolin, G., ... & Di Girolamo, F. G. (2020). Impact of sedentarism due to the COVID-19 home confinement on neuromuscular, cardiovascular and metabolic health: Physiological and path physiological implications and recommendations for physical and nutritional countermeasures. European Journal of Sport Science,1, 1-22.
  21. Nasr Esfahani, D., Soleimani, M., & Afkar, A. (2018). Entrepreneurship in the sports industry. Tehran: Sanagostar Publications. (in Persian).
  22. Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International Journal of Surgery, 78, 185–93.
  23. Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R. (2020). Understanding lived experience of iranian professional athletes from COVID-19 pandemic (A phenomenological approach). Sport Management Studies, 12(61), 217-240. (in Persian).
  24. Nyenhuis, S.M., Greiwe, J., Zeiger, J.S., Nanda, A.K., & Cooke, A.J. (2020). Exercise and fitness in the age of social distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(7), 2152-2155.
  25. Radio News Agency Website (Research Service). (2019). Available at: http: www: iribnews.ir (in Persian).
  26. V. (2021). Innovation_and_entrepreneurship_in_sport, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
  27. Rizvandi, A., Afroozeh, M. S., & Jalilvand, M. (2020). Examining the challenges of sport business in COVID-19 virus period and outlining solutions. Sport Management Studies, 12(61), 265-288. (in Persian).
  28. Sadati, A., Lankarani, M. H., & Bagheri Lankarani, K. (2020). Risk society, global vulnerability and fragile resilience: Sociological view on the coronavirus outbreak. Shiraz E-Medical Journal, 21(4), 102263. (in Persian).
  29. Sato, Sh., Oshimi, D., Bizen, Y., & Saito, R. (2022). The COVID-19 outbreak and public perceptions of sport events in Japan. Managing Sport and Leisure, 7(1-2), 146-151.
  30. SBJ (Sport business Journal). (2020). SBJ survey: NFL, esports in best position to recover. Available at: https://www. sportsbusinessdaily.com/Daily/Closing-Bell/2020/04/20/survey.aspx?fbclid=IwAR1EvqEi7XfAjldMKHT27PSrQ6ZrZCqxYJJYkXFWZrW7HJUD1lunSVhGgo (Accessed 20 April 2020).
  31. Shafaqna (Shia International News Association). (2020). Available at: https://fa.shafaqna.com/news/937862/. (in Persian).
  32. Solimani, M., Barani, M., Inanloo, S., & Khojasteh, A. (2020). Modeling customer buying behavior sports stores at the time of the corona virus outbreak (Proceedings and post-futures). Sport Management Studies, 12(62), 291-314. (in Persian).
  33. Thomas H. (2021). No sports, no spectators – no media, no money? The importance of spectators and broadcasting for professional sports during COVID-19, Soccer & Society, 22(1-2), 96-102.
  34. United Nation (UN). (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on sport, physical activity and wellbeing and its effects on social development. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Social Inclusion. Available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/2020/05/covid-19-sport/
  35. Waliaula, S., & Okong’o, J. (2021). The COVID-19 and the social life of English Premier League Football Fandom in Eldoret, Kenya. Soccer & Society, 22(1-2) , 75-84.
مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
دوره 15، شماره 77
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1402
صفحه 215-242

  • تاریخ دریافت 07 فروردین 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری 14 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 23 شهریور 1401

صفحه اصلی

اصول اخلاقی

ارسال مقاله

اخبار و اعلانات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

تماس با ما