نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه جهرم، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه جهرم، ایران

چکیده

امروزه پژوهشگران خرافه­گرایی را به‌عنوان یکی از انحرافات اجتماعی نقد و بررسی کرده‌اند و ورزش نیز به‌عنوان یک پدیدة درخور توجه با ماهیت ­پیش‌بینی‌نشدنی از رواج خرافات مصون نبوده است. خرافه­گرایی یکی از معضلات رایج در ورزش امروزی محسوب می‌شود؛ بنابراین، این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی ابعاد گرایش به خرافات در ورزش ایران انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد اکتشافی به‌صورت کیفی و روش داده‌بنیاد انجام شد. ابتدا با استفاده از مطالعة کتابخانه­ای فهرست­ مقدماتی عوامل مؤثر بر گرایش به خرافات شناسایی شد و سپس مصاحبه­های نیمه‌ساختاریافته­ با 15 نفر از کارشناسان آگاه از موضوع پژوهش اجرا شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از روش استقرای منطقی در سه مرحلة کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی استفاده شد. بعد از مصاحبه با کارشناسان، نتایج در کدگذاری باز نشان‌دهندة شناسایی 83 کد در گرایش به خرافات در ورزش ایران بود. سپس در مرحلة کدگذاری محوری، نشان‌ها در 22 مفهوم طبقه­بندی شدند. درنهایت نیز سه مؤلفة شناسایی‌شدة حاصل از کدگذاری انتخابی شامل مقولة ساختاری، زمینه­ای و رفتاری طبقه­بندی شدند. به‌نظر می­رسد یک راهبرد قطعی برای مقابله با خرافه‌گری در ورزش وجود ندارد و علاوه‌بر آموزش در هر سه سطح کلان، میانی و خرد، به مکانیسم­های اجتماعی، ایجاد مطلوبیت و بهره‌گیری از نمادهای غیرخرافی و درنهایت خودسازی­های روانی و هیجانی ورزشکار نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and Analysis the Dimensions of Tendency to Superstition in the Field of Sport (Foundation-Based of Grounded Theory Approach)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Sadegh Afroozeh 1
  • Maryam Hadi Pour 2

1 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Department of Sports Science, Jahrom University, Iran

2 M. Sc Student of Sport Management, Department of Sports Science, Jahrom University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, superstition has been criticized by researchers as one of the social deviations, and sport has not been immune from the propagation of superstition as an important social phenomenon with an unpredictable nature. Since superstition is one of the most common problems in modern sport, the purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions of tendency toward superstitions in Iranian sport. The exploratory approach was conducted qualitatively and grounded theory method was used. Firstly, by identifying the effective factors in the library of the Preliminary List, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 knowledgeable experts. For data analysis, logic inductive method was used during three open, axial and selective coding stages. After interviewing the experts, the results in open coding indicate that 83 codes were identified in superstitions in Iranian sports. Then at the axial coding stage, the tags were categorized in 22 concepts. Finally, 3 identified components derived from selective coding including structural, contextual, and behavioral categories were classified. It seems that there is no definite strategy for communicating with superstitions in sport, and in addition to training at all three levels of macro, middle, and wisdom, there is a need for social mechanisms, the creation of desirability and the use of non-homogeneous symbols and ultimately self-development Athlete's mental and emotional aspects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Behavioral
  • Contextual
  • Sport
  • Structural
  • Superstition
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