نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
سازه‌های روان‌شناختی بر پیشرفت‌های ورزشی تاثیر‌گذار هستند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه سخت کوشی، خودکارآمدی ورزشی و ادراک از موفقیت ورزشی کاراته‌کاران زن استان کرمانشاه است. پژوهش حاضر بر مبنای هدف از نوع کاربردی، از حیث روش به دست آوردن داده‌ها از نوع همبستگی است. جامعه آمارى این پژوهش شامل کلیه کاراته‌کاران زن استان کرمانشاه در سال 96 می‌باشند. برای گزینش نمونه آماری با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای، با توجه به جدول کرجسی و مورگان، 278 نفر از 1000 نفر کاراته‌کار انتخاب شدند. جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از سه پرسشنامه فرم کوتاه سخت کوشی (کوباسا، 1979)، شامل 12 گویه ، پرسشنامه 12 سوالی ادراک از موفقیت ورزشی رابرتز و همکاران (1998) و پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی ورزشی10 سؤالی کرل و همکاران (2002) استفاده گردید. روایى (محتوایی، همگرا و واگرا) و پایایى (بار عاملى، ضریب پایایى مرکب، ضریب آلفاى کرونباخ) مناسب بودند. نتایج حاصل از آزمون فرضیه‌ها با استفاده از آماره آزمون t و ضرایب مسیر (β) نشان داد نشان داد که سخت کوشی بر خودکارآمدی و موفقیت ورزشی کاراته‌کاران استان کرمانشاه به ترتیب با ضریب مسیر 88/0 و 61/0، تأثیر قوی و معنی‌داری دارد و خودکارآمدی ورزشی مى‌تواند نقش میانجى‌گرى را در رابطه بین سخت کوشی و موفقیت ورزشی ایفا کند. موفقیت ورزشی هدف اصلی ورزش‌های قهرمانی است. تاثیر شرایط روانی در موفقیت ورزشکاران به خصوص ورزشکاران رزمی بر کسی پوشیده نیست با بررسی بیشتر متغیر-های روانی می‌توان برای کسب موفقیت در ورزش‌های قهرمانی برنامه‌ریزی علمی و هدفمند انجام داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Study of Effect of Hardiness and Self-Efficacy on Perception of Success of Women’s karate in Kermanshah Province
نویسندگان [English]
- hossein eydi 1
- Nadia Aghaie 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 M.Sc., Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]
Psychological constructs have effective on sport's progress. Hardiness and self-efficacy are effective construct. Individuals with more self-efficacy take heightened goals and more effort to achieve those goals. The purpose of this study was to examine relationship among hardiness, self-efficacy and perception of success of women’s karate in Kermanshah province. The methodology was applied based on purpose and correlation in terms of obtaining data. The population included all women’s karate of Kermanshah in 2017. To select a sample using random cluster sampling, according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 238 of 1000 karate were selected. For data collection, we used three questionnaires, short form of Hardiness (Kobasa, 1979), including 12 items, Perception of Success questionnaire (Tresure & Roberts, 1998), including 12 items and Curls’ exercise self-efficacy (2007), including 10 items. The validity (Contextual, Convergent and Divergent) and reliability (Factor load, Composite reliability coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient) of questionnaires were good. The results of testing hypotheses using t test and path coefficient (β), revealed that hardiness has strong and significant impact on the sport self-efficacy and perception of success of women’s karate with 0.88 and 0.61 impact factor, respectively and exercise self-efficacy can play mediating role in the relationship between hardiness and perception of success. The main purpose of sports championship is sports success. The impact of psychological conditions on the success of athletes, especially athletes of combat, is not overlooked. By reviewing more psychological variables, we can make scientific and targeted planning for success in championship sports.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Hardiness
- Karate
- Perception of Success
- Psychological factors
- self- efficacy
- Anshel, M. H., Williams, L. R. T., & Williams, S. (2000). Coping style following acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140, 751-73.
- Asadi, I., Sadeghi, A., Vasudeva, P., & Abdollahi, A. (2006). Relationship between quality of life, hardiness,self-efficacy and self-esteem amongst employed and unemployed married women in Zabol. Iran Journal of Psychiatry, 1, 104-111. (in Persian).
- Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudram (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Human behavior (pp. 71-81). New York : New York Academic Press.
- Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
- Bartone, P. T., Roland, R.R., Picano, J. J., & Williams, T. J. (2008). Psychological hardiness predicts success in US army Special Forces candidates. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 16 (1), 78-81.
- Besharat, M. A., Salehi, M., Shahmohamadi, K., Nadali, H., & Zebardast, H. (2011). Relationship between resilience and hardiness with sport achievement and mental health in a sample of athletes. Contemporary Psychology, 3(2), 38-49. (in Persian).
- De Geest, D., & Brown, K. G. (2011). The role of goal orientation in leadership development. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22 (2), 157-75.
- Farzi, H., Abbasi, H., Souri, A., & Nazari, F. (2014). Determining the relationship of hardiness and achievement motivation with perception of success in athletic students of Iranian and Iraqi universities. Applied Research of Sport Management, 3(2), 75-87. (in Persian).
- Feltz, D. L. & Lirgg, C. D. (2001). Self-efficacy beliefs of athletes, teams, and coaches. In R. N. Singer (Ed.)., Handbook of Sport Psychology (2nd) (pp. 360-341). New York. John Wiley & Sons.
- Feltz, D. L., Short, S., & Sullivan, P. (2008). Self-efficacy in sport. Champaign: Human Kinetics. New York.
- Haney, J., & Long, B. C. (2006). Coping effectiveness: A path analysis of self-efficacy, control, coping, and performance in sport competitions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25(19), 1726-1746.
- Hashemi, S. H., Ahadi, H., & Azad Yekta, M. (2017). Relationship between psychological hardiness and self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes (The mediating role of self-esteem and social support) using structural equation modeling. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(2), 273-287.
- Johnsen, B. H., Espevik, R., Saus, E. R., Sanden, S., Olsen, O. K., & Hystad, S. W. (2017). Hardiness as a moderator and motivation for operational duties as mediator: the Relation between operational self-efficacy, performance satisfaction, and perceived strain in a simulated police training scenario. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 32(4), 331–339.
- Kavussanu, M., & Roberts, G.C. (2001). Moral functioning in sport: An achievement goal perspective. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 23, 37-54.
- Kobasa, S. C. (1998). Hardiness and health: Prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1-11.
- Kobasa, S. (1979). Stressful life events. Personality and health: An inquiry in to hardiness. Journal of personality and social psychology, 36, 5-18.
- kobasa, S.C., & Maddi, S.R. (1999). Comments on trends in hardiness research a theorizing. Consulting Psychology Journal Practice and Research, 51, 67-71.
- Llewellyn, D. J., Xavier, S., Amanda, A., & Gareth, J. (2008). Self-efficacy, risk taking and performance in rock climbing. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 75-8.
- S. R., & Hess, M. J. (1992). Personality hardiness and success in basketball. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23, 360-368.
- Morgan, T.K. (2006). A season long mental skills staining program collegiate Volleyball players (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, United States.
- Mousavi, S. A., VaezMousavi, S. M. K., & Yghubi, H. (2015). The role of sport perfectionism in psychological health and sports success of elite athletes. Sport Psychological Studies, 4(12), 31-42. (in Persian).
- Ortega, , Olmedilla, A., Baranda, P. S., & Gómez, M. A. (2009). Relationship between the level of self-efficacy, performance indicators, and participation in youth basketball. Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 18, 337-342.
- Sarabandi, M., & Rezaie, Z. (2017). The study of the relationship between sport perfectionism and achievement motivation with sport success: A case study Kabaddi athletes. Sport Psychology Studies, 6(19), 57-68. (in Persian).
- Short, S. E., Tenute, A., & Felts, D. L. (2005). Imagery use in sport: Meditational effects for efficacy. Journal of Sports Science, 23 (9), 951 –960.
- Singh, D., Saini, S. (2013). Sports achievement motivation among wrestlers and judokas: A comparative study. International Journal of Behavioral Social and Movement Sciences, 2(1), 70-75.
)