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عوامل مؤثر در حضور هواداران فوتبال تیم ملی ایران در مسابقات جام جهانی 2018 براساس نظریة ارزش‌های مصرف‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر در حضور هواداران فوتبال تیم ملی ایران در مسابقات جام جهانی 2018، براساس نظریة ارزش­های مصرف‌شده انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع تحلیلی و از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی بود که به‌صورت‌ میدانی اجرا شد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ آﻣﺎری پژوهش شامل همة هواداران ایرانی حاضر در جام جهانی فوتبال 2018 روسیه بودند که با توجه به نبود آمار دقیق از تعداد آن‌ها، براساس جدول کرجسی و مورگان برای جامعة نامعلوم، 384 نفر به‌عنوان نمونة پژوهش به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری ‌داده‌های پژوهش پرسش‌نامة پژوهشگرساخته­ای بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن علاوه‌بر بررسی دقیق متون و ادبیات پژوهش، پس از نظرخواهی از اساتید و متخصصان (10 نفر) تأیید شد. همچنین، پایایی آن با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ (84/0) محاسبه شد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده­ها از روش­های آمار توصیفی (میانگین و انحراف استاندارد) و از روش‌های آمار استنباطی (ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل عاملی تأییدی مرتبة دوم) استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مهم‌ترین علل حضور هواداران در ورزشگاه، به‌ترتیب شامل عامل احساسی با بار عاملی 98/0، عامل اجتماعی با بار عاملی 94/0، عامل شناختی با بار عاملی 91/، عامل شرطی با بار عاملی 85/0 و عامل عملکردی با بار عاملی 64/0 بودند. درمورد عوامل حضور هواداران در مسابقات تیم ملی در سطوح جهانی نسبت به سطوح پایین­تر باید گفت که ارزش‌های احساسی و ملی­گرایی به‌مراتب از دیگر ارزش­های مصرف‌شده توسط هواداران مؤثرتر بودند. این امر موجب می‌شود تا هواداران موانعی همچون بُعد مسافت، بُعد اقتصادی، شرایط آب‌وهوایی، قیمت بلیت و شرایط اسکان را نادیده بگیرند و همواره حضور در ورزشگاه برای تماشای مسابقات جام جهانی در آن‌ها موجب ایجاد غرور ملی و وجهة اجتماعی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting the Attendance of Iran National Football Team Fans in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Based on the Consumed Values Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Salimi 1
  • Mohammad Soltan Hosseini 2
  • Mohsen Tayebi 3
  • Amir Hesam Rahimi 3

1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Isfahan

2 Associated Professor of Sport Management, University of Isfahan

3 Ph.D. Student in Sport Management, University of Isfahan

چکیده [English]

The present study aims at investigating the factors affecting the attendance of Iran National Football Team fans in 2018 FIFA World Cup based on the “consumed values” theory. The method was analytically descriptive and applied from objective perspective which was conducted in the field. The population included all Iranian fans attending the Russia during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Due to lack of accurate statistics on them, 384 persons were selected randomly by accessible sampling technique based on the table developed by Krejcie and Morgan for unknown population. The measurement tools included a researcher-made questionnaire of which the validity and reliability was confirmed through taking the professors and experts (10 persons) opinions while reviewing closely the context and literature. Its reliability was also calculated by Cronbach’s alpha (0.84). To analyse the data, descriptive statistics (mean, SD) and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and second order confirmatory factor analysis) were used. Results showed that the most important reason for attendance of fans in stadiums are emotional, social, cognitive, conditional and functional factors with load factors of 0.98, 0.94, 0.91, 0.85, 0.64, respectively. Emotional values and nationalism are among the factors that explain the presence of fans in national team matches globally, far more than other values used by fans at lower levels. This has led fans to neglect obstacles such as distance, economic size, weather conditions, ticket prices and housing conditions, and to attend the stadium to attend the World Cup in these places is synonymous with pride national and social image.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fans
  • Pattern of Rationality
  • FIFA World Cup
  • Consumer Behavior
  • Consumed Values
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مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
دوره 12، شماره 60
خرداد و تیر 1399
خرداد و تیر 1399
صفحه 103-124
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 دی 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 بهمن 1397
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