نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران
2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران
چکیده
شهرت باشگاه‌های ورزشی ازنظر تماشاگران آن‌ها می‌تواند تأثیرات مثبت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر رفتار ذی‌نفعان آن‌ها داشته باشد؛ بنابراین، پژوهشگران برای ارزیابی این نوع شهرت به‌دنبال ابزاری معتبر و پایا هستند. در مطالعة حاضر به تعیین ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی پرسش‌نامة فارسی «شهرت تماشاگرمحور تیم‌های ورزشی» (جانگ و همکاران، 2015) پرداخته شد. این پرسش‌نامه شامل مؤلفه‌های عملکرد تیمی، تاریخچة تیم، مسئولیت اجتماعی تیم، تماشاگرمحوری، کیفیت مدیریت و سلامت مالی تیم بود. پس از دریافت مجوز از سازندگان پرسش‌نامه، روایی محتوایی و صوری آن با استفاده از گروه صاحب‌نظران تأیید شد. پرسش‌نامه به شیوه سه‌مرحله‌ای ترجمه شد. برای تعیین پایایی ابزار، مطالعه‌ای مقدماتی روی 45 نفر از دانشجویان هوادار تیم استقلال و پرسپولیس اجرا شد. همچنین، برای سنجش روایی سازة ابزار نمونه‌ای متشکل از 219 نفر از دانشجویانی انتخاب شدند که سابقة تماشای بازی‌های دو تیم استقلال و پرسپولیس را از نزدیک داشتند. از تکنیک تحلیل عاملی تأییدی و نرم‌افزار لیزرل برای تعیین روایی سازه استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که معرف‌های انتخاب‌شده برای سنجش مؤلفه‌های شهرت تیم‌های ورزشی از روایی لازم برخوردارند و به‌خوبی می‌توانند سازة مدنظر را بسنجند.با توجه به نتایج می‌توان گفت که مقیاس انطباق‌یافتة شهرت تماشاگرمحور تیم‌های ورزشی می‌تواند به‌عنوان مقیاسی پایا و معتبر درمورد تیم‌های ورزشی ایران به‌کار رود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Determining the Validity and Reliability of Spectator-Based Sports Team Reputation Scale in Persian
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Reza Elahi 1
- Maryam Taheri Kia 2
- Reza Khorshidi 2
1 Associate Professor of Sport Management, Kharazmi University
2 Ph.D. Student in Sport Management, Kharazmi University
چکیده [English]
Spectator-based sports team reputation can have positive direct and indirect impacts on stakeholders’ behavior. In this regard, researchers are also seeking for a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate this kind of reputation. Therefore, the validity and the reliability of the Spectator-Based Sports Team Reputation Scale (Jang et al., 2015) in Persian were determined in this study. The given scale consists of team performance, team tradition, team social responsibility, spectator orientation, management quality and financial soundness of teams. After obtaining permission from the developer of the scale, content validity and face validity were confirmed by a group of experts. The questionnaire was also translated based on a three-step approach. To determine the reliability of the given scale, a pilot study was carried out on 45 participants in the present study (university students). To assess the construct validity of the given scale, a sample of 219 students with experiences of watching the games of Esteghlal and Persepolis closely were selected. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis technique and the LISREL Software were employed to assess the construct validity of the scale. The findings showed that the agents selected to measure the components of sports team reputation were endowed with the required reliability and they could measure the construct very well (RMSEA≤0.05). Considering these results, it was argued that the adapted Spectator-Based Sports Team Reputation Scale could be applied as a reliable and valid questionnaire for Iranian sport teams.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Psychometrics
- Confirmatory Factor Analysis
- Sports Team Reputation
- Sports Fans
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