نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسیارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
در آغاز قرن بیستویکم، تغییرات سریع چنان محیط را دگرگون کردهاند که مدیران بهمنظور سازگاری با تحولات باید راههای نوینی را بیابند تا بتوانند در صحنة رقابت باقی بمانند. درواقع، سازمانی موفق خواهد بود که بتواند به مزیت رقابتی دست یابد. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، اعتباریابی و رواییسنجی ابزار پرسشنامة مزیت رقابتی در ورزش بود. این پژوهش ازنوع مطالعات همبستگیبود. همة مشتریان مرد باشگاههای ورزشی (آمادگی جسمانی و بدنسازی) شهر زنجان جامعة آماری پژوهش را تشکیل دادند. باتوجهبهمعیارحداقلحجمنمونةلازمبرایگردآوری دادههادرتحلیلعاملی، 260 نفر از مشتریان بهعنوان نمونة آماریتعیین شدند. پرسشنامه بهصورت تصادفی دربین نمونهها توزیع شدند. برای گردآوری دادهها از پرسشنامة مزیت رقابتی (حسینی، 2011) با پنج مؤلفة مزیت متجانس، مزیت مشهود، مزیت پویا، مزیت مرکب و مزیت پایدار استفاده شد. روش امتیازگذاری به سؤالها برمبنای مقیاس پنجارزشی لیکرت بود. روایی صوری و محتوایی پرسشنامه با کمک 10 تن از متخصصان علوم ورزشی تعیین شد. برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها از آزمونهای آماری ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی برای تعیین پایایی درونی، از آزمون کیسر- مییر- اوکلین برای تعیین کفایت نمونهگیری، از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی برای شناسایی مؤلفهها و از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای تعیین روایی سازه استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد که پایایی مؤلفههای پرسشنامه از وضعیت قابلقبولی برخوردار بود. درخصوص روابط عاملها با مزیت رقابتی، نتایج نشان داد که تمامی عاملها توانستند تبیینکنندة خوبی برای مفهوم مزیت رقابتی باشند؛ درنتیجه، روایی درونی و بیرونی مدل مزیت رقابتی تأیید شد. با توجه به تأیید ابزار یادشده در این مطالعه، پژوهشگران آینده میتوانند از ابزار حاضر برای تعیین مزیت رقابتی در ورزش استفاده کنند.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Validation and Reliability of Competitive advantage Scale in Sport
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Kordlu 1
- Ahmad Tariverdi 1
- Hossein Poursoltani Zarandi 2
1 M.Sc. in Sport Management, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
In the early 21st century, rapid change has transformed so much the working environment of the managers are obliged to find new ways for their actions to adapt to evolution so that they can survive in the domestic and competitive arena. In fact, an organization will be successful that can achieve a competitive advantage. The purpose of the present study was to questionnaire determine validity and reliability of Competitive advantage Scale in the sport. This study was a kind of correlation analysis. The population of the study includes all male customers club sports (fitness and bodybuilding) Zanjan`s gave up. The sample according to the criterion of minimum required sample size for collecting data in the factor analysis, 260 customers were selected as sample. The questionnaire was distributed randomly. To gather the Competitive advantage factors affecting the questionnaire, customers (Hosseini, 2011), which has five components, homogeneous advantage, visible advantage, dynamic advantage, complex advantage, and constant advantage were used the Scoring method based on a Likert scale questions were worth 5. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was determined with the help of ten experts in Sports Sciences. In order to analyze test statistical Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Composite Reliability to determine the reliability of self-test, KMO for sampling adequacy taking, exploratory factor analysis to identify the parameters and confirmatory factor analysis to determine the validity of the statistical software SPSS 18 version and LISREL was used. the results about the relationships of factors with the meaning of Competitive advantage showed that all factors could be a good predictor for the concept of Competitive advantage, finally, the internal and external validity of Competitive advantage model was accepted. According to the approved instrument mentioned in this study, future researchers aimed to determine the extent of advertising by Competitive advantage tool can be used in the exercise.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Validation
- Tools
- Competitive Advantage
- Sport
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