نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکترای مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران
2 استاد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران
3 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش تحلیل وضعیت ورزش حرفهای در تلویزیون ملی ایران بود. این مطالعه به روش کیفی و راهبرد نظریة زمینهای انجام شده است. پس از انجام 20 مصاحبة عمیق و نیمهساختاریافته با متخصصان رسانه و ورزش، اشباع نظری حاصل شد و مقولههای اصلی پس از تکمیل فرایند کدگذاری استخراج شدند. پس از تکمیل یافتهها، مدل زمینهای براساس مدل سیستماتیک استراس و کوربین (1998) طراحی شد. مقولة محوری؛ یعنی، توجه تلویزیون به ورزشهای رسانهای شناسایی شد و شرایط علی، شرایط تأثیرگذار و زمینهای، راهبردهای کنش - واکنش و پیامدها، براساس مدل پارادایمی بر گرد آن سازماندهی شدند. یافتهها نشان داد که شرایط علی شامل اولویتداشتن برنامههای فراغتی و خبری، جذابیت مالی، فعالیت رسانهای ناچیز در سایر رشتهها و سهولت جذب مخاطب است. برخی از شرایط مداخلهگر و بسترساز شامل نبود رقابت رسانهای، تنوع بسیار زیاد رشتههای ورزشی و تنوع سلیقه هستند. راهبردهای کنش- واکنش شامل کمبود تحلیلهای علمی و سازنده، کاهش تمرکز بر ایجاد ذائقه و ترغیب به سایر رشتهها و عدم پوشش برمبنای ظرفیت و امکانات موجود هستند که پیامدهایی ازقبیل نخبهپروری، تضییع حقوق سایر رشتهها، تقویت انگیزة مالی بهجای انگیزة بهداشتی و ایجاد علاقه به پیگیری حاشیهها و اختلافات را بههمراه دارند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis of Current State of Professional Sport in National TV
نویسندگان [English]
- Bita Arabnarmi 1
- Mahmoud Goodarzi 2
- Sayyed Nasrollah Sajjadi 2
- Mohammad Khabiri 3
1 Ph.D. in Sport Management, University of Tehran
2 Professor of Sport Management, University of Tehran
3 Associate Professor of Sport Management, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]
The purpose of this study is analysis of current state of professional sport in national TV. This is a qualitative study using the Grounded Theory method. Data were collected through review of documents and interviews. Theoretical saturation was achieved after 20 deep and semi-structured interviews with experts and managers in sport and media. Categories were identified after completing the process of coding and data abstraction. The model was designed according to systematic model of Strauss and Corbin (1998). Much attention to media sports identified as core phenomenon, other categories were organized around Core phenomenon based on the paradigm model. These categories include Casual Conditions, Contextual and Intervening Conditions, Strategies and Consequences. Some of its Casual Conditions include: Priority leisure programs and news on TV, Little media activity in other sports, financial benefits and easily attract audience. Some of its Contextual and Intervening Conditions include: Lack of media competition, large variety of different sports and variety of tastes. Its Reaction Strategies include: Lack of scientific and constructive analysis, lack of coverage based on potential and possibilities and finally some of its Consequences include: elite fostering, strengthening financial incentives instead of health motivations and generate interest of following disputes and problems.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Professional Sport
- TV
- Grounded Theory
- Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (2nd Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
- Fazeli, N. (2006). Football representation or reality? Culture-Communication Studies, 2(6), 81-109.
- Document the systematic development of sport in Iran. (2003). (Persian).
- Gambarelli, R. L. (2010). Influence DELA televisions urle sport et l’ organization d’evenements sport IFS MasterII. Université PaulCézanne, Facultéde Droitetde Science Politiqued’ Aix Marseille, (IREDIC).
- Ghafoori, F., Rahman Seresht, H., Ehsani, M., & Kouzechian, H. (2003). Study and investigation physical education experts attitude to role of mass media in tendency of people to competitive and public sport. Harakat, 16, 57-78. (Persian).
- Ghasemi, H., Karami, A., & Sadeghi, F. (2013). The situation of sports events broadcasting on Iranian T.V. channels by view of sports media experts. Applied Researches in Sport Management, 2(4), 43-54. (Persian).
- Hutchins, B., & Rowe, D. (2009). From broadcast scarcity to digital plenitude: The changing dynamics of the media sport content economy. Television & New Media, 10(4), 354-70.
- Karami, A., Ghasemi, H., & Nemati Anaraki, D. (2012). Content analysis of television sports programs with the approach of women's sports. Communication Research, 19(69), 135-55. (Persian).
- Kordi, M. (2007). Investigation role of publications and mass media in Iran's sport. Research Report, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Tehran University. (Persian).
- McQuail's, D. (2002). Mass communication theory. (P. Ejlali, Trans.). Tehran, Bureau of Media Studies and Planning. (Persian).
- Nicholson, M. (2009). Sport and the media managing the nexus. London: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Origuela, M. A., & Silva, C. L. (2012). El deporte y la televisión: el papel del profesional de Educación Física retos. Nue vastend enciasenEducación Física, Deportey Recreación, 22, 33-7.
- Rajabi, M., SoltanHoseni, M., Razavi, M., & Hoseni, A. (2012). The role of the media and sports fans in attracting private sector investment in competitive sports. Sport Management Studies, 4(13), 93-105.
- Roshandel Arbatani, T. (2007). Explanation the mass media role in public sport´s institutionalization in Iran. Harakat, 33, 165-77. (Persian).
- Rowe, D. (Ed.) (2004). Critical readings: Sport, culture and the media (opens in new window). Maidenhead and New York: Open University Press.
- Shabkolayi, A., & Mohamadkhani, M. (2012). The role of TV in football popularity in Iran. Communication Research, 19(1), 71-100. (Persian).
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basic of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.