نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی
2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی
3 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی
چکیده
منظور از شکاف صنعت ورزش، اختلاف بین انتظار مشتریان ورزش از وضع مطلوب و ادراک آن‌ها از وضع موجود است. گام اساسی برای جبران این شکاف، شناخت وضعیت موجود و مطلوب و میزان شکاف میان آن دو است. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی وضع موجود، وضع مطلوب و میزان شکاف در صنعت ورزش کشور ازمنظر میزبانی رویدادهای بزرگ ورزشی است. روش پژوهش، آمیختة کمی و کیفی، با استفاده از ابزار مصاحبة نیمه‌هدایت‌شده و ترکیب با پرسش‌نامة تحلیل شکاف است. نمونة آماری این پژوهش، 16 نفر برای مصاحبة نیمه‌هدایت‌شده و 120 نفر از مدیران ارشد ورزشی و اساتید مدیریت ورزشی بودند. پرسش‌نامة طراحی‌شده به تأیید 25 نفر از اساتید مدیریت ورزشی رسید و روایی آن تأیید شد و همچنین، در سنجش پایایی آن آلفای کرونباخ 76/0 به‌دست آمد. برای تحلیل داده‌های کیفی از روش دلفی و برای داده‌های کمی از آمار توصیفی میانگین، انحراف معیار، آزمون‌های مقایسة میانگین تی تک‌گروهی و زوجی و آزمون فریدمن برای رتبه‌بندی عوامل و شناسایی میزان شکاف استفاده شد. نتیجة تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های پژوهش بیانگر آن است که وضع موجود به‌ترتیب در ابعاد فرهنگ- اجتماعی، عملیاتی، قانونی، مالی، بازاریابی، دانش و فناوری و زیست‌محیطی وضع نامطلوبی ارزیابی شد و بیشترین شکاف برای بهبود ابعاد یادشده در بعد دانش و فناوری، زیست‌محیطی، مالی، بازاریابی، قانونی، فرهنگی و عملیاتی مشاهده شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Gap Analysis of Sport Industry from Bidding Sport Mega-Events Perspective
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohamad Koosha 1
- Hosein Eydi 2
- Bahram Yousefi 3
1 M.Sc. of Sport Management, University of Razi
2 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Razi
3 Associate Professor of Sport Management, University of Razi
چکیده [English]
The gap in sports industry main the difference between customers' expectations and their perceptions of the real situation. Basic steps to bridging these gaps are to identify current situation and desired status and amount of the gap. The aim of this study is to identify the current situation, the ideal situation, and the gaps in the sports industry in terms of hosting major sporting events. a combination of quantitative and qualitative research method was followed to identify the gap factors. To find out qualitative data a Simi- structure interwove with 16 member and for quantitative data 120 member of sports manager of sports federations, Olympic committee, sports ministry and sport management masters were conducted, then 120 gap analysis questionnaires for quantitative data used. The questionnaire validity was confirmed by 25 of the sports management and measurement reliability Cronbach's alpha was 0.76. Delphi method was used for analyzing qualitative data. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics, mean, SD, analysis of variance and t-test was used. Friedman test was used to rank the factors and identify the gaps. The resulting analysis of data indicates that the current situations are the Social dimension, operational, legal, financial, marketing, science and technology and environmental conditions. Main gaps were identified in the knowledge and technology dimensions. To improve the gap some indications proposed.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Gap Analysis
- Bidding Criteria
- Sport Event
- Event Legacy
- Chalip, L. (2004). Beyond impact: A general model for sport event leverage. In B. W. Ritchie, & D. Adair (Eds). Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues, (pp. 226-252), Clevedon: channel view publications.
- Chalip, L., & Leyns, A. (2002). Local business leveraging of a sport event: Managing an event for economic benefit. Journal of Sport Management, 16, 132-58.
- Dabaghy, A., Moazami, M., & Salman, K. (2009). Planned to achieve projected goals using gap analysis, focus group interviews and analysis, SWOT. Presented at Fourth International Conference on Strategic Managemen, Tehran. (In Persian).
- Dunphy, P. (2012). Guidelines for successful event bidding, ministry of tourism / visa. International Tourism. Research, Scholarship Research, Report of Auckland Tourism, Events And Economic Development, Auckland council organization report, 1-29.
- Fakhri, F., Razavi, M. H., & Khadem, A. R. (2014). Meta-analysis of the relationship between economic factors and sport performance at sporting events. Strategic Studies of Sports Ministry, 28, 49-68. (In Persian).
- Getz, D. (2001). Bidding on events: Identifying event selection criteria and critical successful factors. M.A. thesis. University of Calgary, Alberta.
- Getz, D., & Page, S. J. (2016). Progress and prospects for event tourism research. Tourism Management Perspectives, (52), 593-631.
- Gursoy, D., & Kendall, K. W. (2006). Hosting mega events: Modeling locals’ support. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(3), 603-23.
- Horne, J. (2007). The four ‘Knowns’ of sports mega-events. Leisure Studies, 26(1), 81-96.
- Jones, C. (2001). Mega-events and host-region impacts: Determining the true worth of the 1999 Rugby World Cup. International Journal of Tourism Research, 3(3), 241-51.
- Kaplanidou, K., Al Emadi, S., & Fritz, G. (2016). Business legacy planning for mega events: The case of the 2022World Cup in Qatar. Journal of Business Research, 69,10, 4103-11.
- Karadakis, K., & Kaplanidou, K. (2010). Event leveraging of mega sport events: A SWOT analysis approach. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 1(3), 170–85.
- Keshavarz, L., Farahani, A., Rezaii, M., & Zokaii, H. (2015). Analysis factor of strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of sport mega events hosting in Iran. Applied Studies in Sport Management, 4(1), 11-24. (In Persian).
- Koosha, M. M. A. thesis (2012). SWOT analysis of bidding and hosting sport mega events in Iran, Razi university, sport management faculty. (In Persian).
- Minaret, l. (2012) An Olympic legacy for all? The non-infrastructural outcomes of the Olympic Games for socially excluded groups (Atlanta 1996eBeijing 2008). Tourism Management 2012. 33(2).361-70.
- O’Brien, D., & Chalip, L. (2007). Executive training exercise in sport event leverage. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1(4), 296–304.
- Preuss, H. (2007). The conceptualization and measurement of mega sport event legacies. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 12(3–4), 207–27.
- Preuss, H., & Solberg, H. (2006). Attracting major sporting events: The role of local residents. European Sport Management Quarterly, 6(4), 391-411.
- Rahimian, H., & Tabatabai Fard, S. M. (2014). Gap analysis and assessment of general and specialized skills of Tehran economic and financial experts. Journal of Urban Economics and Management, (8), 67-78 (In Persian).
- Walters, G. (2008). Bidding for major sporting events: Key issues and challenges faced by sports governing bodies in the UK. Sport in Society, 2011, 14(2), 208-22.
- Weed, M. (2007), Olympic Tourism, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
- Westerbeek, H. M., Turner, P., & Ingerson, L. (2002). Key success factors in bidding for hallmark sporting events. International Marketing Review, 19(2/3), 303-15.
- Whitson, D., & Horne, J. (2006). Underestimated costs and overestimated benefits? Comparing the outcomes of sports mega-events in Canada and Japan. Sociological Review, 54(2), 71-89.
)