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تأثیر نوع برنامه‌ریزی ورزشی بر عملکرد اجتماعی و انطباقی ‌دختران دبیرستانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد علی‌آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، علی‌آباد کتول، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، آزمون "فرضیۀ بیش‌برنامه‌ریزی" در‌زمینۀ ورزش و تعیین تأثیر نوع برنامه‌ریزی ورزشی (عدم مشارکت، مشارکت فراغتی و مشارکت آماتور در ورزش‌های سازمان‌یافته) بر عملکرد اجتماعی و انطباقی دختران دبیرستانی بود. در این پژوهش توصیفی ـ پس‌رویدادی، 270 دانش‌آموز دختر (110 غیرورزشکار، 97 ورزشکار فراغتی و 63 ورزشکار آماتور) نسخۀ اعتباریابی‌شدۀ مقیاس عملکرد اجتماعی و انطباقی کودکان و نوجوانان را تکمیل نمودند که داده‌های حاصل از آن با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس چند‌متغیره و آزمون‌های تعقیبی مرتبط در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد تحلیل گردید. براساس یافته‌ها، نوع برنامه‌ریزی ورزشی بر ابعاد عملکرد تحصیلی، روابط با هم‌سالان و وظایف خانگی/ مراقبت از خود تأثیر معناداری داشته است؛ اما اثر آن بر روابط با خانواده به‌لحاظ آماری معنادار نمی‌باشد. تحلیل‌های تعقیبی نیز نشان می‌دهد که عملکرد تحصیلی گروه آماتور پایین‌تر از گروه‌های فراغتی و غیرورزشکار است؛ اما روابط با هم‌سالان در گروه آماتور از گروه فراغتی و غیرورزشکار و نیز روابط با هم‌سالان در گروه فراغتی بالاتر از گروه غیرورزشکار می‌باشد. علاوه‌براین، سطح وظایف خانگی و مراقبت از خود در گروه آماتور بالاتر از گروه غیرورزشکار بوده و در سایر موارد تفاوت‌ها از نظر آماری معنادار نمی‌باشند. درمجموع، نتایج پیشنهاد می‌کنند که انتقال مشارکت از ورزش فراغتی به رقابتی، تأثیر مثبتی بر کیفیت عملکرد اجتماعی (روابط با هم‌سالان) و انطباقی (وظایف خانگی و مراقبت از خود) دارد؛ اما ممکن است موجب افت تحصیلی گردد. شایان‌ذکر است که یافته‌ها از فرضیۀ بیش‌برنامه‌ریزی در‌مورد اثرات منفی افزایش در فعالیت‌های سازمان‌یافته حمایت می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Sport-Scheduling Type on Social and Adaptive Functioning in High School Girls

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Dana 1
  • Amir Hamzeh Sabzi 2
  • Elmira Gozalzadeh 3

1 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Payame Noor University

3 Ph.D. Student of Sport Management, Aliabad Katool Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

چکیده [English]

The Purpose of this study was to examine the “Over-Scheduling Hypothesis” in the sport context and determine the effect of sport-scheduling type on social and adaptive functioning in high school girls. In this descriptive-ex post facto research, 270 girl students (110 non-athletes, 97 recreational athletes, and 63 amateur athletes), completed the validated version of Child and Adolescent Social and Adaptive Functioning Scale and resulted data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and related follow-up tests at 95 percent confidence level. Based on the findings, the type of sport scheduling had a significant effect on academic performance, peer relationships, and home duties/self-care, but its effect on family relationships was not statistically significant. Follow up analysis showed that academic performance in amateur group is lower than recreational and non-athlete groups, but peer relationships in amateur group is higher than recreational and non-athlete groups and also peer relationships in recreational group is higher than non-athlete group. Home duties/self-care level in amateur group was higher than non-athlete group and all differences in other comparisons were not statistically significant. The results suggest that shifting participation from recreational to competitive sport, has positive effect on quality of social (peer relationships) and adaptive (home duties/self-care) functioning, but it may cause to an academic slump. The Findings support the over-scheduling hypothesis in terms of negative effect of increase in organized activities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Over-scheduling
  • Sport Participation
  • Social and Adaptive Functioning
  • High school Girls
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مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
دوره 9، شماره 42 - شماره پیاپی 42
خرداد و تیر 96
خرداد و تیر 1396
صفحه 73-92
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سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 شهریور 1395
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