نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس‌ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
4 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
ورزشکاران قهرمانی در دوران ورزش خود با چالشهای متعددی روبه‌رو هستند و باید این چالش‌ها با موفقیت مدیریت شوند. این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی چالشهای ورزشکاران در سطح ورزش قهرمانی، با استفاده از روش پژوهش کیفی و با استراتژی پدیدارشناسی برمبنای رویکرد هوسرل انجام شد. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند با 21 ورزشکار قهرمان مصاحبه شد و داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده با نرم‌افزار مکس کیودی‌ای نسخۀ 2020 تحلیل شد. نتایج حاکی از وجود 10 مقوله اصلی از چالشهای ورزشکاران بود که شامل چالش فردی، چالش مالی، تبعیض‌ها در ورزش، چالشهای دوران بازنشستگی، چالش با مربیان، چالش با مدیران ورزشی، چالش اجتماعی، چالش در رابطه با امکانات و تجهیزات ورزشی، چالشهای اعزام به مسابقات و چالشهای اردوها بود؛ ازاینرو پیشنهاد می‌شود در راستای کاهش چالشهای مذکور، مدیریت (باشگاه، وزارت ورزش، کمیته ملی المپیک) به‌عنوان بالاترین و مؤثرترین عنصر یک سازمان، در سه جبهه اقتصادی (مؤثر در بهبود امکانات و موانع مالی ورزشکاران و مربیان)، جبهه روان‌شناختی (مؤثر در بهبود چالشهای فردی ورزشکاران)، جبهه عدالت سازمانی (برای رفع هرگونه تبعیض) کوشا باشد. همچنین برنامه‌ریزی برای رفع آنها می‌تواند موجب تعالی عملکرد، شکوفایی ظرفیت‌ها و افزایش افتخارآفرینی ورزشکاران سطح قهرمانی کشور شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying the Challenges Facing Elite Athletes in Selected Individual Sports (A Phenomenological Approach)
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Aziziani 1
- Ahmad Mahmoudi 2
- Saman Mehri 3
- ali HEMATIAFIF 4
1 MSc. in Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 MSc. in Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]
Elite athletes face many challenges during their career. These challenges must be managed successfully. This study aimed to identify the challenges of athletes at the level of elite sports. For this purpose, a qualitative research method with a phenomenological strategy based on the Husserl approach was used. In this regard, 21 elite athletes were interviewed using a purposive sampling method, then the collected data were analyzed with the MAXQDA software, version 2020. The results showed 10 underlying categories of athletes' challenges, namely personal challenges, financial challenges, discrimination, retirement challenges, challenges with coaches, challenges with sports managers, social challenges, challenges related to facilities and sports equipment, challenges of sending to competitions and challenges of camps. Therefore, it is suggested that to reduce these challenges, management (the management of a club, Ministry of Sports, National Olympic Committee) as the highest and most effective element of an organization, from now on, should be diligent in three scenes: economic (effective in improving facilities and financial obstacles of athletes and their coaches), the psychological (effective in improving the individual challenges of athletes), the organizational justice (to eliminate any discrimination). In addition, initiatives to eliminate them might lead to excellence in performance, flourish of potentials, and increase of the pride of athletes at the international level.
Therefore, it is suggested that in order to reduce these challenges, management (the management of a club, Ministry of Sports, National Olympic Committee) as the highest and most effective element of an organization, from now on, should be diligent in three scenes: economic front (effective in improving facilities and financial obstacles of athletes and their coaches), the psychological front (effective in improving the individual challenges of athletes), the organizational justice front (to eliminate any discrimination). Also, initiatives to eliminate them might lead to excellence in performance, flourish of potentials, and increase the pride of athletes at the international level.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Athlete
- Athletic Sport
- Challenge
- Selected Individual Sports
- Facilities
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