نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار مدیریت آموزشی، گروه مدیریت، واحد علی‌آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، علی‌آباد کتول، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی نیمرخ خودکارآمدی پژوهشی دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی و تعیین تفاوت­‌های فردی بود. به‌این‌منظور، 112 دانشجو (49 مرد و 63 زن) از دانشگاه­‌های آزاد اسلامی استان گلستان در قالب مطالعه‌ای مقطعی توصیفی، فرم اطلاعات فردی و مقیاس خودکارآمدی پژوهشی را تکمیل کردند. داده­ ها با استفاده از آزمون t تک ­گروهی و تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که خودکارآمدی پژوهشی دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد تربیت‌بدنی دانشگاه ­های آزاد استان گلستان در تمامی ابعاد و سطح کلی خودکارآمدی پژوهشی از حد متوسط بالاتر است. بااین‌وجود‌، سطوح خودکارآمدی پژوهشی در ابعاد ساخت و استفاده از ابزار، طراحی پژوهش و روش­ شناسی پایین ­تر از سایر ابعاد بود. علاوه‌براین، اثر اصلی هیچ‌یک از ویژگی­ های فردی شامل جنسیت، رشتة تحصیلی مقطع کارشناسی، نحوة ورود به مقطع کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه محل تحصیل، گرایش تحصیلی، سابقة ورزشی و نوع اشتغال، بر ابعاد و سطح کلی خودکارآمدی پژوهشی ازلحاظ آماری معنادار نبود. یافته­ های پژوهش نه‌تنها نقاط ضعف و قوت دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد را دربارة میزان اطمینان آن‌ها به توانایی ­های پژوهشی خود مشخص می­ کنند، بلکه پیشنهاد می ­کنند که ویژگی­ های فردی نمی تواند مبنایی برای قضاوت درزمینة خودکارآمدی پژوهشی دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد در رشتة تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Individual Differences in Research Self-Efficacy of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Master’s Students

نویسنده [English]

  • Fereydoon Azma

Assistant Professor of Educational Management, Department of Management, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the research self-efficacy profile of physical education and sport sciences master’s students and to determine individual differences. To this aim, 112 students (49 males and 63 females) from Islamic Azad universities of Golestan province in a cross-sectional descriptive study, completed individual information form and research self-efficacy scale. Resulted data were analyzed using one-sample t test and multivariate analysis of variance at 95% confidence level. Results showed that research self-efficacy of physical education master’s students at Islamic Azad universities of Golestan province in all dimensions and overall level are higher than average level. However, research self-efficacy level in development and use of instrument, research design, and methodology were lower than other dimensions. Furthermore, none of main effects of individual characteristics including gender, bachelor major, type of master enrollment, place of education, educational orientation, athletic experience, and type of occupation on the dimensions and overall level of self-efficacy were not statistically significant. Findings of the study not only highlight master students’ weaknesses and strengths regarding their confidence level on own research abilities, but also suggest that individual characteristics could not be a basis for judgment on master students’ research self-efficacy in physical education and sport sciences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Research Self-Efficacy
  • Physical Education
  • Master of Arts
  • Individual Differences
1. Bakken, L. L., Byars-Winston, A., Gundermann, D. M., Ward, E. C., Slattery, A., King, A., …, & Taylor, R. E. (2010). Effects of an educational intervention on female biomedical scientists’ research self-efficacy. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15(2), 167–83.
2. Bakken, L., Sheridan, J., & Carnes, M. (2003). Gender differences among physician-scientists in self-assessed abilities to perform clinical research. Academic Medicine, 78(12), 1281–6.
3. Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. New York: General Learning Press.
4. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
5. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman.
6. Bandura, A. (2001). Guidelines for constructing self-efficacy scales. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University.
7. Bard, C. C., Bieschke, K. J., Herbert, J. T., Eberz, A. B. (2000). Predicting research interest among rehabilitation counseling students. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 44, 48-55.
8. Bieschke, K. J., Bishop, R. M., & Garcia, V. L. (1996). The utility of the research self-efficacy scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 4(1), 59-74.
9. Bieschke, K. J., & Bishop, R. M., & Herbert, J. T. (1995). Research interest among rehabilitation doctoral students. Rehabilitation Education, 9, 51–66.
10. Bieschke, K. J., Herbert, J. T., & Bard, C. (1998). Using a social cognitive model to explain research productivity among rehabilitation counselor education faculty. Rehabilitation Education, 12(1), 1-16.
11. Bishop, R. M., & Bieschke, K. J. (1998). Applying social cognitive theory to interest in research among counseling psychology doctoral students: A Path analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(2), 182-8.
12. Briggs, C. (2006). Research mentorship in counselor education (doctoral dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from Dissertations & Theses: Full Text database (Publication No. AAT 3214360).
14. Brown, S., & Lent, R. (1996). Self-efficacy as an intervening mechanism between research training environments and scholarly productivity: A theoretical and methodological extension. Counseling Psychologist, 24(3), 535-45.
15. Forester, M., Kahn, J. H., & Hesson-McInnis, M. (2004). Factor structures of three measures of research self-efficacy. Journal of Career Assessment, 12(1), 3-16
16. Geisler, C. C. (1995). Scientist-practitioner interests, research self-efficacy, perceptions of the research training environment and their relationship to dissertation progress. Dissertation Abstracts International, DAI-A 57/02 (UMI No. 9619812).
17. Gelso, C. J. (2006). On the making of a scientist-practitioner: A theory of research training in professional psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24(4), 468-76.
18. Gelso, C., Mallinckrodt, B., & Brust-Judge, A. (1996). Research training environment, attitudes toward research, and research self-efficacy: The revised Research Training Environment Scale. Counseling Psychologist, 24, 304-23.
19. Geravand, H., Kareshki, H., & Ahanchian, M. R. (2014). The relationship between self-efficacy in research and research performance: A study on students of Medical Sciences University of Mashhad. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 14(1), 41-51. (Persian).
20. Geravand, H., Kareshki, H., & Ahanchian, M. R. (2014). The role of educational-research environment and social factors on the research self-efficacy of students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Medical Education and Development, 8(4), 32-46. (Persian).
21. Holden, G., Barker, K., Meenaghan, T., & Rosenberg, G. (1999). Research self-efficacy: A new possibility for educational outcomes assessment. Journal of Social Work Education, 35(3), 463-76.
22. Hollingsworth, M. A., & Fassinger, R. E. (2002). The role of faculty mentors in the research training of counseling psychology doctoral students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 324-30.
23. Kahn, J. H. (2001). Predicting the scholarly activity of counseling psychology students: A refinement and extension. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 1-11.
24. Kahn, J. J., & Scott, N. A. (1997). Predictors of research productivity and science-related career goals among counseling psychology doctoral students. The Counseling Psychologist, 25, 38-67.
25. Kareshki, H., Ahmadi, S., & Mahram, B. (2015). Prediction of students’ cognitive and affective readiness for research creativity according to research self-efficacy. Biquarterly Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, 3(4), 39-54. (Persian).
26. Kareshki, H., & Bahmanabadi, S. (2013). Assessment of components and factor structure of research self-efficacy in postgraduate students. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 68, 91-114. (Persian).
27. Keshavarz, A. (2011). Development and validation of research self-efficacy scale in Physical Education and Sport Sciences master’s students of Tehran city’s universities (master’s thesis). Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. (Persian).
28. Krueger, N. F. (2003). The cognitive psychology of entrepreneurship. In Z. J. Acs & D. B. Audretsch (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurship research: An interdisciplinary approach (105-40). New York: Springer.
29. Landino. R. A., & Owen, S. V. (1988). Self-efficacy in university faculty. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 33(1), 1-14.
30. Love, K., Bahner, A., Jones, L., & Nilsson, J. (2007). An investigation of early research experience and research self-efficacy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(3), 314-20.
31. Lynch, M. T., Zhang, L., & Korr, W. S. (2009). Research training, institutional support, and self-efficacy: their impact on research activity of social workers. Advances in Social Work, 10(2), 193-210.
32. Phillips, J. C., & Russell, R. K. (1994). Research self-efficacy, the research training environment, and research productivity among graduate students in counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 22(4), 628-41.
33. Royalty, G. M., Gelso, C. J., Mallinckrodt, B., & Garrett, K. (1986). The environment and the students in counseling psychology: Does the research training environment influence graduate students’ attitudes toward research? The Counseling Psychologist, 14(1), 9–30.
34. Salimi, M., & Khodaparast, M. (2016). The effect of teacher-student relationship on educational motivation and research self-efficacy in graduated students of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Research on Educational Sport, 9, 109-26. (Persian).
35. Sarmad, Z., Bazargan, A., & Hejazi, A. (2001). Research methods in behavioral sciences. Tehran: Agah. (Persian).
36. Schoen, L. G., & Winocur, S. (1988). An investigation of the self-efficacy of male and female academics. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32(3), 307-20.
37. Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51(2), 663-71.
38. Tang, M., Addison, K. D., LaSure-Bryant, D., Norman, R., O'Connell, W., & Stewart-Sicking, J. A. (2004). Factors that influence self-efficacy of counseling students: An exploratory study. Counselor Education and Supervision, 44(1), 70-80.