نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور
2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی
3 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی
چکیده
تماشاچیانی که برای تماشای مسابقات ورزشی در ورزشگاه‌ها حضور می‌یابند، اهمیت خاصی برای هر لیگ ورزشی داشته و به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین سرمایة باشگاه‌های حرفه‌ای محسوب می‌شوند؛ زیرا، علاوه‌بر آن‌که به لیگ‌های ورزشی هویت می‌بخشند، با خرید بلیت مسابقات نقش برجسته‌ای را در کسب درآمد برای لیگ‌های ورزشی ایفا می‌کنند. دراین‌راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل و بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر کاهش استقبال تماشاگران ایرانی از حضور در استادیوم‌ها و تماشای فوتبال صورت گرفت. روش این پژوهش، توصیفی ـ تحلیلی بوده و به‌لحاظ هدف کاربردی می‌باشد. جامعة آماری آن را تمامی تماشاگران پانزدهمین دورۀ لیگ برتر فوتبال در کشور تشکیل دادند. نمونه‌گیری نیز به‌صورت خوشه‌ای و سهمیه‌ای و با در‌نظر‌گرفتن مناطق پنجگانۀ کشور انجام گرفت و از تکنیک تاپسیس برای بررسی وزن‌دهی شرکت‌کنندگان به عوامل استفاده شد. همچنین، از پرسش‌نامه‌های کاروال‌هو و همکاران (2014) و جورجنسن (2015) نیز بهره گرفته شد و روایی صوری و محتوایی آن از طریق نظرخواهی از اساتید مدیریت ورزشی موردتأیید قرار گرفت و پایایی درونی آن از طریق آلفای کرونباخ معادل (81/0) محاسبه گردید. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که از نظر تماشاگران، عوامل جذابیت بیشترین اهمیت را داشته و پس از آن عوامل اقتصادی در رتبۀ بعدی قرار دارد. عوامل مشوق‌زا نیز از کمترین اهمیت برخوردار بوده‌اند. بر‌مبنای نتایج به سیاست‌گذاران پیشنهاد می‌شود که به عوامل جذابیت محیط استادیوم‌ها و نیز ابعاد اقتصادی آن توجه ویژه‌ای داشته باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Prioritize the Factors Affecting the Existence of Empty Seats in a Football Stadium, Using TOPSIS
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Falah Kazemi 1
- Negar Gholipour 2
- Hosein Eidi 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Sport Management, University of PNU
2 Ph.D. Student of Sport Management, Razi University
3 Assictant Professor of Sport Management, Razi University
چکیده [English]
Spectators who attend in the stadiums to watch sports competitions are very important for every sports league. They are the most important capital for professional clubs, because they play a prominent role in the revenue for sports leagues by buying tickets of competitions in addition to they provide the identity to sports leagues. The purpose of this study was to investigate effective factors in the decline of the Iranian audience in the stadiums and watching football. The method of this study was descriptive analysis and it was an applied research in terms of purpose. The statistic population included all spectators of the fifteenth Premier League Football in the country. Cluster and quota samplings were used by considering of five regions of country. The TOPSIS technique was used to study participants’ weight. Carvalho, et al., (2014) and Jorgensen’s (2015) questionnaires was used in this study. The face and content validity of questionnaires was confirmed by professors of sport management. The internal reliability was calculated through Cronbach’s alpha (r=0.81). According to spectators’ idea, attractiveness factors had the highest important and economic factors were in the next rank. Factors encouraging had the least important. According to results of this study, it is recommended that policymakers pay attention to the attractiveness of stadiums environment and economic dimensions.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Stadium
- Spectators
- Football
- Professional League
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