Identification of Factors and Criteria of Cultural Development in Athletic Sport

Ramezani Nezad, Rahim; Rahmati, Mohammad Mehdi; Miryousefi, Seyed Jalil; Nejad Sajadi, Seyed Ahmad

doi:10.22089/smrj.2017.905

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Professor of Sport Management, University of Guilan

² Associate Professor of Social Sciences, University of Guilan

³ Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Vali-Asre Rafsanjan

https://doi.org/10.22089/smrj.2017.905

Abstract

Identification of factors and criterion that facilitate the process of cultural development in athletic sport is necessary. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify cultural development factors contributing to athletic sport. The method of the research was a mixed-method research. During the second stage, 143 experts and researchers participated in research. For data analysis, factor analysis with orthogonal rotation was used. Based on research findings, five factors were identified to be contributing to cultural development of athletic sport. These are, in order of importance, as follows: development of political culture, strengthening national-religious identity, development of economic culture, development of social culture, and development of education and technology. Also, based on factor analysis, of the three criteria of political culture factor, the criterion of meritocracy; of the four criteria of strengthening national-religious identity factor, the criterion of moral health; of the three criteria for the development of economic culture factor, the economic ethics criterion; of the four criteria for development of social culture factor, the criterion of social capital; and finally, of the five criteria for the development of education and information technology, the criterion of education and research enjoyed the highest priorities. Therefore, the development of political culture and the strengthening of national-religious identity is the first step towards the cultural development of sports, especially in athletic sport.

Keywords

References

1. Ahmadi, A. H., Noorinia, H., & Moghaddam, Gh. (2012). Cultural Issues of Iran championship sports from experts viewpoints. Sport Physiology & Management Investigationst, 10, 87-100. (Persian).

2. Ahmad Zadeh, A., Mousavi, S. J., & Doosti, M. (2014). Identifying of cultural challenges and opportunities of sport in Mazandaran province. Contemporary Studies on Sport Management Journal, 4‌ (7):15-29. (Persian).

3. Akhavan Kazemi, M., & Shahqlh, S. (2013). A regard to effects of football on national identity components. Culture-Communication Studies, 14(55), 116-‌31. (Persian).

4. Alidoust Ghahfarokhi, A., Jalali Farahani, M., Goudarzi, M., & Naderan, E. (2013). The cultural and social barriers to implement general policies of article 44 in Iran professional sport. Sport Management Studies, 5(20): 79-96. (Persian).

5. Amiri, M., Nayyeri, Sh., Saffari, M., & Delbari Ragheb, F. (2013). Explanation and prioritization of barriers to privatization and private sector participation in sport development. Sport Management, 5‌(4): 83-106. (Persian).

6. Ashtarian, K. (2011). Introduction to cultural policy methods (1st ed). Tehran Municipality's Department of Social and Cultural Studies: Publication Sociologists. 1-125(Persiann).

7. Babaeifard, A. (2010). Cultural development and social development in Iran. Social Welfare Quarterly, 10(37), 7-56. (Persian).

8. Baker, J., & Horton, S. (2004)‌. A review of primary and secondary influences on sport expertise. High Ability Studies, 15(2), 211-‌28.

9. Bian, N. (2005). The effects of economic development on Olympic performance. (Master dissertation). Illinois Weslyyan University, Economics Department. (Digital Commons@ Iwu). P. 1-120.

10. Bohkle, N., & Robinson, L. (2009). Benchmarking of elite sport systems. Management Decision, 47(1), 67-84.

11. Cultural Indicators for New Zeland. (2009). [Cultural Sector Performance Unit Policy & Sector Performance Group, Ministry for Culture and Heritage]. PO Box 5364, Wellington 6140. www.mch.govt.nz/research-publications/cultural-indicators-new-zealand-2009

12. De Bosscher, V., DeKnop, P.‌, & Heyndles, B. (2003). Comparing tennis success among countries. International Sports Studies, 25‌(1), 49-68.

13. De Bosscher, V., De Knop, P., van Bottenburg, M., & Shibli, S. (2006). A conceptual framework for analysing sports policy factors leading to intrenational sporting success. European Sport Management Quarterly, 6(2): 185-215.

14. Farahani, A., Keshavarz, L., Ghasemi, H., & Azizian Kohan, N. (2014). Analysis of social capital of academic members of physical education faculties in Iran. Applied Research in Sport Management, 3(9), 127-‌38. (Persian).

15.Fazli, H. (2012). Sports and identity politics. Iranian Political Science Association, 7(2), 152-74. (Persian).

16. Federici&Motta srl. (2014). Statistical Yearbook of Spain 2014. esteri.it/MAe/en/ Ministero/ pubblicazioni/Annuario. www.ine.es/en/pr0dyser/pubweb

17. Fetter, S. E. (2011). Socioeconomic determinants of win maximization at the FIFA World Cup. (Unpublished master dissertation). The Faculty of the Department of Economics and Business, the Colorado College.

18. Ghasemi, H., & Keshgar, S. (2012). Socio-cultural foundations of the sport (1^st ed). Bamdad Ketab.1-144 (Persian).

19. Ghofrani, M. (2011). The design and codification of a championship development strategy in Golestan province. Sport Physiology & Management Investigationst, 5, 17-33. (Persian).

20. Ghofrani, M., Goudarzi, M., Sajjadi, N., Jalali Farahani, M., Mogharnasi, M., tabatabai, & Alidoust Ghahfarokhi, A. (2009). The design and codification of the development strategy of championship sports in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Harakat, 39(0), 107-‌31. (Persian).

21. Green, M. (2005). Integrating Marco-and meso-level a pproaches: A comparative analysis of elite sport development in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. European Sport Management Quarterly, 5(10), 142-‌66.

22. Halabian, S., Goodarzi, M., & Alidoust Ghahfarrokhi, A. (2014). The identification and prioritization of moral standards in Iran professional sport. Sport Physiology & Management Investigationst, 6(2), 9-19. (Persian).

23. Hashemi, S. Z., & Javadi Yeganeh, M. R. (2007). Soccer and national identity. National Studies, 8(2), 108-‌24. (Persian).

24. Hilvoorde, I. V., Vorstenbosch, J., & Devisch, I. (2010). Philosophy of sport in Belgium and the Netherlands: History and characteristics. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport,5 (37), 225-‌36.

25. Hoffman, R., Lee, C. G., & Ramasamy, B. (2002). The socio-economic determinants of international soccer performance. Journal of Applied Economics, 5(2), 253-‌72.

26. Javadi Arjmand, M. J. (2013) The impact of globalization of culture on the position of general diplomacy of Iran's Foreign Policy. Islamic Revelution Studies, 10(34), 163-80. (Persian).

27. Keshavarzshokri, A., Bayat, M., & Bakhshandeh, Kh. (2013). Cultural diplomacy in the Middle East. Culture‌-Communication Studies, 14(55), 8-29. (Persiann).

28. Khosravizadeh, A., Bahrami, A., & Haghdadi, A. (2014). Investment and involvement barriers of private sector in Markazi province sport. Sport Management Studies, 6(24), 207-‌22. (Persian).

29. Manafi Sharafabad‌, K., & Zamani, E. (2012). The role of education system in the cultural development of the society. Cultural Engineering, 7(73&74), 135-52. (Persian).

30. Mozaffari, S. A. A., Ellahi, A. R., Abbasi, Sh., Ahadpour, H., & Rezaei, Z. (2012). Development strategies of the athletic sport. Sport Management Studies,4 (13), 33-48. (Persian).

31. National Cultural Policy Czech Republic 2009‌–‌2014. Ministry OF Culture Prague. (2009). [Issued by the Czech government]. www.mkcr.cz/national-cultural-policy-from-2009-2014-974.html

32. Roozkhosh, M. (2010). Determination and definition of components and sub components and indexes of sport`s field.( Research projects). The Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution Scientific Office: Strategic Studies Center. P. 1-139. (Persian).

33. Safabakhsh, M. (2007). The development of sports culture. (Research projects). Physical Education Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran. Vice-chancellor and the Provinces. National Office Management and Development of Sports in Iran. P. 1-338. (Persian).

34. Seif Panahi Shabani, J‌., Goudarzi, M., Hamidi, M., & Khatibi, A. (2010). The design and codification of the development s‌trategy of championship sports in Kurdistan province. Sport Management, 3 (8), 57-73. (Persian).

35. Swenson, J. S. (2012). Unsportsmanlike conduct: The duty placed on stadium owners to protect against fan violence. Marquette Sports Law Review, 23(1), 135-53

36. Turkey's Statistical Yearbook. (2013). [Elíf Bozkurt]. Ec.europa. eu/eurostat/web/ ess/-/turkey-s-statistical-yearbook-2013.www.turkstat.gov.tr.

37. Van Tuyckom, C., & Joreskog, K. C. (2012). Going for gold welfare characteristics and Olympic success: An application of the structural equation approach. Qulity and Quantity, 46, 189-205.

38. Vosoghi, M., Khosravinezhad, S. M. (2009). Investigating of the social-cultural factors of effective on the excitement behavior of football watchers. Social Sciences Bulletin, 3(1), 118-41‌. (Persian).

39. Jiang Y, li j. Hua F, Wang j. (2007). Multi-factor staistical analysis of influencing factors for elite sports development.

Identification of Factors and Criteria of Cultural Development in Athletic Sport

References

References

Volume 8, Issue 40January and February 2017Pages 61-78

Volume 8, Issue 40
January and February 2017
Pages 61-78