Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Sport Sciences and Physical Education Research Institute
2 Professor, University of Tehran
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of organizational capital model of Iranian sports federations. This study was descriptive-correlation and an applied research. Questionnaire Validity evaluated by the content and construct validity and reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient. The population included presidents, vice presidents, general secretaries, committee’s managers, coaches and experts in sports federations of Islamic Republic of Iran. From this population, 312 people selected by the targeted sampling method. In order to data collection a researcher made questionnaire was used and in order to data analyses, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied. The result of exploratory factor analysis of organizational capital indicators shows that this concept consists of seven factors named organizational culture, organizational learning and knowledge management, management systems and processes, organizational structure, financial systems, research and development, and inter organizational relations. The reliability of the instrument was 0.87. The result of testing the factorial structure and confirmatory factor analysis of organizational capital model show that the model had a good fit and its factorial structure is acceptable. Model and tools derived from this study can be served as a supplement to the financial reporting system, decision making, performance reporting system, and also in developing strategic plans, benchmarking, and compensation system in the sports federation.
Keywords
- Baker, R. J. (2008). Mind over matter over matter way intellectual capital is the chief source of the wealth. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Bontis, N., Chong, K. W., Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 1(1): 85-100.
- Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual capital: An exploratory study that develops measures and models. Management Decision. 36(2): 63-76.
- Bozbura, F. T., Beskese, A., Kahraman, C. (2007). Prioritization of human capital measurement indicators using fuzzy AHP. Expert Systems with Applications, 32 (4): 1100-1112.
- Bozbura, F. T. (2004). Measurement and application of intellectual capital in Turkey. The Learning Oranization, 11(5): 357-367.
- Brooking, A. (1998). Intellectual capital core asset for the third millennium enterprise. International Thomson Business Press, London.
- Cabrilo, S., Uzelac, Z., Cosic, I. (2009). Researching indicators of organizational intellectual capital in Serbia. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 11(4): 573-587.
- Carson, E., Ranzijn, R., Winefiel, A., Marsden, H. (2004). Intellectual capital: Mapping employee and work group attributes. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(3): 443-463.
- Chen, J., Zhu, Z., Xie, H. (2004). Measuring intellectual capital: A new model and empirical study. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1): 195-212.
- Curado, C., Henriques, L., Bontis, N. (2011). Intellectual capital disclosure payback. Management Decision. 49(7): 1080-1098.
- Cuskelly, G., Taylor, T., Hoye, R., Darcy, S. (2006). Volunteer management practices and volunteer retention: A human resource management approach. Sport Management Review, 9(2): 141–163.
- Cuskelly, G. (2004). Volunteer retention in community sport organizations. European Sport Management Quarterly, 4(2): 59–76.
- Doherty, A. (2005). A profile of community sport volunteers. Toronto, ON: Parks and Recreation Ontario. Retrieved January 10, from http://www.prontario.org/PDF/reports/FinalReport_ExecutiveSummary_PhaseOne.
- Edvinsson, L. (1997). Developing intellectual capital at Skandia. Long Range Planning, 3(30): 266-373.
- Engstrom, T, E. Westnes, P., Westnes, S. F. (2003). Evaluating intellectual capital in the hotel industry. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 4(3): 287-303.
- Eustace, C. (2001). The intangible economy: Impact and policy issue. Report of EU commission, Brussels, 163-175.
- Fetres, M. H., Beygi, T. (1387). A comparative study of the effects of intellectual capital on organizational performance in both public and private sectors of banking industry: a case study of banks in Tehran. Journal of Executive Management, 1 (37), 101-125.
- Halim, S. (2010). Statistical analysis on the intellectual capital statement. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 11(1): 61-73.
- Hall, M. H., Andrukow, A., Barr, C., Brock, K., DeWit, M., Embuldeniya, D., et al. (2003). The capacity to serve: A qualitative study of the challenges facing Canada’s nonprofit and voluntary organizations. Toronto, ON: Canadian Centre for Philanthropy.
- Hemati, H., Moeinoaldin, M. (1389). Survey the correlation between intellectual capital and the market value and financial performance of non-financial corporations. Financial Accounting Quarterly. 2 (7). 23-48. (Persian)
- Hofman, J. (2005). Value intangibles! Intangible capital can and must be valued owners and valuers alike will benefit. Deutsche Bank Research, Frankfurt am Main. Available at: www.dbresearch.com
- Jacobsen, K., Hofman, B. P., Jr, N. R. (2005). The IC rating model by intellectual capital Sweden. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 6(4): 570-587.
- Kline, P. (2002). An easy guide to factor analysis. (2nd edn).London: Routledge.
- Liu, C. C. (2010). Prioritizing enterprise environment management indicators by intellectual capital perspective. The Journal of International Management Studies, 5(2): 68-82.
- Marti, J. M. V. (2001). Intellectual capital benchmarking system. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2(2): 148-165.
- Peng, T. A., Pike, S., Roos, G. (2007). Intellectual capital and performance indicators: Taiwanese healthcare sector. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 8(3): 538-556.
- Ramırez, Y. (2010). Intellectual capital models in Spanish public sector. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 11(2): 248-264.
- Roos, J., Roos, G., Dragonetti, N. C., Edvinsson, L. (1998). Intellectual capital: Navigating the new business landscape. London: London: Macmillan Press edition.
- Sánchez, M. P., Castrillo, R., Elena, S. (2006). Intellectual capital management and reporting in universities. International Conference on Science Technology and Innovation Indicators. History and New Perspectives Lugano, 15-17.
- Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership. 3rd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Singh, S., Kansal, M. (2011). Voluntary disclosures of intellectual capital: An empirical analysis. Journal of Intellectual Capital. 12(2): 301-318.
- Steenkamp, J. B., Trijp, H. C. (1991). The use of lisrel in validating marketing constructs. IJRM, 8(4):.283-299.
- Sveiby, K. E. (1995). Market value of intangible assets. Retrieved from http://www.sveiby.com/articles/MarketValue.html.
- Sveiby, K. E. (1997). The new organizational wealth: Managing and measuring knowledge-based assets. (2nd edn) San Francisco: Berrett-Kohler Publishers.
- Tan, H., Pew, P. D., Hancock, P. (2007). Intellectual capital and financial returns of companies. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 8(1):76-95.
- Yazdani, H. R. (1387). The relationship between intellectual capital and performance in Melat bank's branches in Tehran. University of Tehran master thesis,
- Yi, A., Davey, H. (2010). Intellectual capital disclosure in Chinese (mainland) companies. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 11(3): 326-347.
)