Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Tabriz
2 M.Sc. of Economic Sciences, University of Shahid Beheshti
3 M.Sc. of Economic Sciences, University of Tabriz
Abstract
One of the most important and most influential topics in macroeconomics and international economics is the choice of exchange rate regime. The type of exchange rate regime affects a wide range of economic variables in each country. Currency revenues on oil exports increase the importance of exchange rate regime and foreign exchange policies. As well as the exchange rate is an important factor in the rise and fall of nation’s commerce. This study aimed to investigate the exchange rate regimes on flow of sporting goods commerce group during the period 2013-1993 in the Middle East whit using panel data. Data sources were World Bank, the WTO, and the IMF and international information center. Stata 12software was used for data analysis. The results showed that commerce, GDP, distance, population and having a joint business agreement has a positive effect and having a common language, colonial and consolidated variable consumer price index and effective exchange rate has a negative effect on the flow of sporting goods group commerce. The GDP, a joint business agreement, a common language and colonial were statistically significant but other variables were not significant.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Adam, C., & Cobham, D. (2010). Exchange rate regimes and trade. Tourism Economics, 16 (1), 25-43.
- Asgari, N., & Akbari, A. (2001). Methodology of space econometrics, theory and application. Journal of the University of Isfahan (Humanities), (1-2), 93- 122.
- Atefi Manesh, R. (2015a). A review of various currency regimes and a suitable option for the UAE. Journal of Economics, 14(10), 83- 102. (Persian)
- Atefi Manesh, R. (2014b). The range of pegged exchange rate regimes in the world: a review with emphasis on the merits and demerits of Petroleum Exporting Countries, Quarterly financial and economic policies, 5, 40-23. (Persian)
- Bahador, A. (2015). Exchange rate regime, classification, identification and economic effects. Monetary and Banking Research Institute of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Available at: http://mbri.ac.ir/userfiles/file/working%20paper/1394/MBRI-RP-94003-bahadoor-2.pdf (Accessed 21 August 2018). (Persian)
- Barro, R., & De Vita, G. (1983). A positive theory of monetary policy in a natural rate model. Journal of Political Economics, 91, 589-610.
- Bruno, M. (1991). High inflation and the nominal anchors of an open economy. Journal of International Finance, 183, 1- 32.
- Chang, R., & Velasco, A. (2001). A model of currency crises in emerging market. Journal of Economics, 116, 489-517.
- De Vita, G. (2014). The long run impact of exchange rate regimes on international tourism flows. Journal of Tourism Management, 45, 226-33.
- De Vita, G., & Abbott, A. (2004). The impact of exchange rate volatility on UK exports to EU countries. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 51(1), 62-81.
- De Vita, G., & Kyaw, K. S. (2013). Role of exchange rate in tourism demand. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 624-7.
- Frankle, J. A. (1999). No single currency is right for all countries or at all time. Journal of International Finance, 215, 1-34.
- Gil-Pareja, S., Liorca-Vivero, R., & Martinez-Serrano, J. A. (2007). The effect of EMU on tourism. Review of International Economics, 15, 303-12.
- Goldstein, M. (2002). Managed floating plus. Institute for international economics, Washington D. C., Available at https://piie.com/bookstore/managed-floating-plus (Accessed 21 August 2018).
- Lesage J.P. (1999). The theory and practice of spatialeconometrics, Available at: www.rri.wvu.edu/WebBook/LeSage/spatial/spatial.html (Accessed 21 August 2018).
- LeSage, J. P., & Pace, R. K. (2009). Introduction to spatial econometrics. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
- Marin, D. (1992). Is the export led growth hypothesis valid for industrialization countries? Review of Economics and Statistics, 74, 688-978.
- Mohammadzade, P., Mansori, M., & Kohililan, B. (2012). Estimated price of Hadianik residential buildings in Tabriz city: With the spatial econometric approach. Quarterly Journal of Economic Modeling, 18(2), 21-38.
- Najafialamdarlo, H., Mortazavi, S.A., & Shemahadi Yazdi, K. (2013). Application of space econometrics in investigating factors affecting agricultural exports in ECO countries: Approach to panel data. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, 3, 49- 62.
- Nurkse, R. (1944). International currency experience; lessons of the interwar period. Geneva: Leagne of Nations.
- Obstfeld, M., & Rogoff, K. (1995). The mirage of fixed exchange rates. Journal of Economics, 9, 73-96.
- Reinhart, C. M., & Rogoff, K. S. (2004). The modern history of exchange rate arrangements: A reinterpretation. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119(1), 1-48.
- Santana-Gallego., M. S., Ledesma-Rodríguez., F. J., & Pérez-Rodríguez, J. V. (2010). Exchange rate regimes and tourism. Tourism Economics, 16(1), 25-43.
- Sarlab, R. (2013). Structural, competitive and national changes of sporting goods exports in Iran. (Unpublished masterʼs thesis). University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. (Persian)
- Thompson, A., & Thompson, H. (2010). The exchange rate, euro, switch and tourism revenue in Greece. Tourism Economics, 16(3), 773-8.
- Weiss, A. (2011). Principles of sociology of sport. (K. A. Rasekh, Translator). Tehran: Reed Publication.
)