Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 M.A., Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Azad Islamic University, Garmsar, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mahmoudabad Technical and Vocational University, Mazandaran, Iran
4 Associate professor, Department of Sport Science, School of Literature and Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the consequences of Covid-19 on Iranian sports. This research was done in a qualitative method and a thematic analysis approach. Further, the research was applied and exploratory. The population consisted of all experts in the field of sports management with scientific background (professors of sports management) and executive background (experts, managers and entrepreneurs in sports). We interviewed 12 subjects by a purposive sampling method. We used face to face and telephone interview in order to collect information. The validity and reliability were assessed by credibility, transferability, dependability, and test–retest. The interviews were analyzed by thematic analysis approach. The results showed that the consequences of Covid-19 on Iranian sports included 72 sub-categories, which were placed in 17 main categories. Finally, 9 concepts were identified: Economic, Tourism, Human Resource, Infrastructure, Media, Health, Communication, Event, and Post-corona. Given the study gaps in this area, the results of this study can be used as a basis for future studies. Moreover, all relevant organizations and managers can get acquainted with the present and future consequences and choose solutions to deal with the consequences.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Aghazadeh, A., Ranjbari, Sh., & Najafzadeh, F. (2020). Investigating the factors affecting the synchronization of Iran's sports industry with the prevalence of Covid-19 virus. Sport Management Studies, 12(62), 251-264. (in Persian).
- Alizadeh Golrizi, A., Saatchian, V., & Elahi, A. (2014). The comparison among fans loyalty motivations, supportive career and attendance in popular soccer pro-league clubs. Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior, 3(6), 123-135. (in Persian).
- Brakhas, H., Boroumand, M. R., Dastoom, S., & Bozorgpour, B. (2020). Business management in crisis period: Factors, challenges and strategies (Study of the sports industry in record conditions caused by Coronavirus). Sport Management Studies, 13(66), 297-326. (in Persian).
- Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920.
- Chakraborty, I., & Maity, P. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention. Science of the Total Environment, 728(1), 138882.
- Clarkson, B. G., Culvin, A., Pope, S., & Parry, K. D. (2020). Covid-19: Reflections on threat and uncertainty for the future of elite women’s football in England. Managing Sport and Leisure, 27(1), 1-12.
- Corsini, A., Bisciotti, G. N., Eirale, C., & Volpi, P. (2020). Football cannot restart soon during the COVID-19 emergency! A critical perspective from the Italian experience and a call for action. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(20), 1186-1187.
- Ebrahim, S. H., Ahmed, Q. A., Gozzer, E., Schlagenhauf, P., & Memish, Z. A. (2020). Covid-19 and community mitigation strategies in a pandemic. BMJ, 385(1), 1-2.
- Evans, A. B., Blackwell, J., Dolan, P., Fahlén, J., Hoekman, R., Lenneis, V., ..., & Wilcock, L. (2020). Sport in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: Towards an agenda for research in the sociology of sport. European Journal for Sport and Society, 2(17), 1-11.
- Faus, J. (2020). This is how coronavirus could affect the travel and tourism industry. In Reuters and World Economic Forum. Available at: www.weforum.org (Accessed 17 Mar 2020).
- Gallego, V., Nishiura, H., Sah, R., & Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2020). The COVID-19 outbreak and implications for the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 34(1), 1-3.
- Gilat, R., & Cole, B. J. (2020). COVID-19, medicine, and sports. Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation, 2(3), e175-e176.
- Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
- Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: A pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1· 6 million participants. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(1), 23-35.
- Hammami, A., Harrabi, B., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2020). Physical activity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Specific recommendations for home-based physical training. Managing Sport and Leisure, 27(1-2), 20-25.
- Hellewell, J., Abbott, S., Gimma, A., Bosse, N. I., Jarvis, C. I., Russell, T. W., ..., & Flasche, S. (2020). Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts. The Lancet Global Health, 8(4), e488-e496.
- Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research, 112954.
- Hughes, D. (2020). In the frame, road map for Australian sport on an uncertain journey through COVID-19. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 23(7), 636-638.
- Koshle, H., Kaur, R., & Basista, R. (2020). Breakdown of business and workers in India: Impact of Corona virus. Available at: www.papers.ssrn.com (Accessed 20 Mar 2020).
- Marsh, S., Mhurchu, C. N., & Maddison, R. (2013). The non-advertising effects of screen-based sedentary activities on acute eating behaviours in children, adolescents, and young adults: A systematic review. Appetite, 71, 259-273.
- Maugeri, G., Castrogiovanni, P., Battaglia, G., Pippi, R., D'agata, V., Palma, A., ..., & Musumeci, G. (2020). The impact of physical activity on psychological health during Covid-19 pandemic in Italy. Heliyon, e04315.
- Memish, Z. A., Steffen, R., White, P., Dar, O., Azhar, E. I., Sharma, A., & Zumla, A. (2019). Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events. The Lancet, 393(10185), 2073-2084.
- Millán-Oñate, J., Rodriguez-Morales, A. J., Camacho-Moreno, G., Mendoza-Ramírez, H., Rodríguez-Sabogal, I. A., & Álvarez-Moreno, C. (2020). A new emerging zoonotic virus of concern: The 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS CoV-2). Infectio, 24(3), 187-192.
- Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., ... & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: A review. International Journal of Surgery, 78(1), 185-193.
- Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R. (2020). Understanding lived experience of Iranian Professional athletes from COVID-19 pandemic (A phenomenological approach). Sport Management Studies, 12(61), 217-240. (in Persian).
- Papaioannou, A. G., Schinke, R. J., Chang, Y. K., Kim, Y. H., & Duda, J. L. (2020). Physical activity, health and well-being in an imposed social distanced world. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18(4), 414-419.
- Parnell, D., Widdop, P., Bond, A., & Wilson, R. (2020). COVID-19, networks and sport. Managing Sport and Leisure, 27(1), 1-7.
- Phelan, D., Kim, J. H., & Chung, E. H. (2020). A game plan for the resumption of sport and exercise after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. JAMA Cardiology, 5(10), 1085-1086.
- Pillay, L., van Rensburg, D. C. C. J., van Rensburg, A. J., Ramagole, D. A., Holtzhausen, L., Dijkstra, H. P., & Cronje, T. (2020). Nowhere to hide: The significant impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) measures on elite and semi-elite South African athletes. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 23(7), 670-679.
- Poursoltani, H., & Saeedi, E. (2020). Identifying the cognitive function of payame noor university students about covid virus 19. Sport Management Studies, 12(63), 213-236. (in Persian).
- Rizvandi, A., Afroozeh, M. S., & Jalilvand, M. (2020). Examining the challenges of sport business in COVID-19 virus period and outlining solutions. Sport Management Studies, 12(61), 265-288. (in Persian).
- Rodríguez-Morales, A. J., MacGregor, K., Kanagarajah, S., Patel, D., & Schlagenhauf, P. (2020). Going global–Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 33, 101578.
- Solimani, A., Barani, M., Enanloo, S., & Khojasteh, A. (2020). Modeling customer buying behavior sports stores at the time of the corona virus outbreak (Proceedings and post-futures). Sport Management Studies, 12(62), 291-314. (in Persian).
- Stemler, S. (2001). An overview of content analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 7(17), 137-146.
- Taub, A. (2020). A new Covid-19 crisis: Domestic abuse rises worldwide. Available at: nytimes.com (Accessed April 6, 2020).
- Tayyebi, B., Asadi, F., & Janani, H. (2020). The Paradigm of Improving the Culture of Sports at Home during the Outbreak of the Coronavirus. Sport Management Studies, 12(62), 265-290. (in Persian).
- Tian, H., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Kraemer, M. U., Chen, B., Cai, J., ..., & Cui, Y. (2020). Early evaluation of Wuhan City travel restrictions in response to the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org (Accessed February 02, 2020).
- Toresdahl, B. G., & Asif, I. M. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Considerations for the competitive athlete. The American Journal of Sports Medicine and Sports Health, 12(3), 221-224.
- Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G., & Gao, G. F. (2020). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. The Lancet, 395(10223), 470-473.
- Wen, J., Aston, J., Liu, X., & Ying, T. (2020). Effects of misleading media coverage on public health crisis: A case of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China. Anatolia, 31(2), 331-336.
- Wilde, T. (2020). Online gaming surge: Steam breaks concurrent user record amid social distancing mandates. Available at: www.GeekWire.com. (Accessed March 16, 2020).
- Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., Ruano, M. A., & Sanchez-Alcalde, L. (2020). Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment. Science of the Total Environment, 138813.
- Zheng, Y., Goh, E., & Wen, J. (2020). The effects of misleading media reports about COVID-19 on Chinese tourists’ mental health: A perspective article. Anatolia, 31(2), 337-340.
- Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., ..., & Niu, P. (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 723-733.