Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues
The purpose of this study was design of reliable and valid questionnaire for assessing the factors affecting spectator sport of Iranians football, basketball and volleyball professional leagues. The statistical sample of this study was 10, 30 and 500 spectators from each league that randomly selected from attendant spectators in stadiums. Face, apparent, construct, and criterion (concurrent) validity, internal reliability and consistent coefficient of research questionnaire surveyed in designing instrument stage. For statistical analysis of data used descriptive and inferential statistics methods includes Pearson correlation coefficient for determining consistency coefficient and criterion validity of questionnaire, Cronbaches ` alpha, KMO and Bartlet, explorative factor analysis, by SPSS and Amos soft wares. Result showed consistency coefficient of pilot edition` s research questionnaire was .56 and its internal consistency was .84. Explorative factor analysis showed 8 factors that affecting on spectators attendance and these factors indicated .57% of variance. These factors were facility, information- attractiveness, performance- antiquity, timing- informing, interaction- escape and excitement. Internal consistency of final edition research questionnaire was .89.
Alimohammadi, H., Tondnevis2, F., & Hadavi, S. F. (2015). Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues. Sport Management Studies, 6(22), 173-188.
MLA
Alimohammadi, H., Tondnevis2, F., & Hadavi, S. F. "Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues", Sport Management Studies, 6, 22, 2015, 173-188.
HARVARD
Alimohammadi H., Tondnevis2 F., Hadavi S. F. (2015). 'Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues', Sport Management Studies, 6(22), pp. 173-188.
CHICAGO
H. Alimohammadi, F. Tondnevis2 & S. F. Hadavi, "Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues," Sport Management Studies, 6 22 (2015): 173-188,
VANCOUVER
Alimohammadi H., Tondnevis2 F., Hadavi S. F. Developing, Validating and Reliabilization of an Instrument for assessing Factors Affecting Sport Spectators Involvement of Iran`s Football, Volleyball and Basketball Professional Leagues. Sport Management Studies. 2015;6(22):173-188 (In Persian).
