Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. Student in Sport Management, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. Isfahan. Iran
2 Associate Professor of Sport Management, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. Isfahan. Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Future Studies, University of Isfahan
Abstract
The growing number of elderlies has resulted in new issues and considerations. Since the disabilities of the elderly period become more prevalent as the age increases, sport plays a more prominent role in this situation to keep the elderlies healthy and improve their social participation. Present study aims to introduce a model for elderly sport in Iran. This is a qualitative study conducted based on grounded theory. Participants of the study included the scholars and specialists of sport sciences, psychologists, social workers, sociologists, and nurses, the officials of the organizations for elderlies including health and welfare, social affairs of municipality in Isfahan. They were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation. Data were simultaneously collected and analyzed using Strauss & Corbin method. Data was validated based on the criteria recommended by Lincoln & Guba. The results identified 276 basic conceptual statements with 11 primary categories and 50 secondary categories in paradigm model including causal conditions (3 categories), central phenomena (7 categories), action strategy (2 categories), context (2 categories), intervening conditions (2 categories), and consequence (1 category). The integration of categories based on the interrelations between them about on the elderly sport in Iran forms the paradigmatic model, reflecting the model of involved managers in the elderly issues.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Ahmadi, M., Abbassi Daloii, A., & Behbudi, L. (2016). Comparison between the effects of eight weeks of aerobic and resistance training on paraoxonase-1, arylesterase activity and lipid profile in obese girls. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University. 21(4), 83-93. (Persian).
- Alizadeh, M., Fakhrzadeh, H., Sharifi, F., Mohamadi, A., & Nazari, N. (2013). A review of the performance of organizations in the old country, salmand, 13(1), 74-81. (Persian).
- Al-Kaabi, J., Al-Maskari, F., Saadi, H., Afandi, B., Parkar, H., & Nagelkerke, N. (2009). Physical activity and reported barriers to activityamong type 2 diabetic patients in the United Arab Emirates. Rev Diabet Stud, 6(4), 271-8.
- Allender, S., Cowburn, G., & Foster, C. (2006). Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: a review of qualitative studies. Health Education Research, 21(6), 826-35.
- Antonio, P. (2018). Physical exercise and aging. Rehabilitation Medicine for Elderly Patients, 6, 35-41.
- Bandeen-Roche, K., Seplaki, C. L., Huang, J., Buta, B., Kalyani, R. R., & Varadhan, R. (2015). Frailty in older adults: A nationally representative profile in the United States. Frailty in Older Adults: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 70(11), 1427-34.
- Bauman, A., Merom, D., & Bull, F. C. (2016). Updating the evidence for physical activity: Summative review of the epidemiological evidence, prevalence, and interventions to promote. Active aging. Gerontologist, 56, 268-80.
- Bigzadeh, M., Parhodeh, Y., & Noudehi, M. A. (2013). Contrasting quality of life with health among active and inactive older adults of Islamabad Gharb town. World Applied Programming, 3(10), 482- 7. (Persian).
- Campbell, M., Li, Q., Gingrich, S., & Macfarlene, R. (2005). Should people be physically active outdoors on smog alert days? Canada J Public Health, 96(1), 24-8.
- Caperchione, C. M., Kolt, G. S., & Mummery, W. K. (2009). Physical activity in culturally and linguistically diverse migrant groups to Western society. Sports Medicine, 39(3), 167-77.
- Chiu, M. C., Wu, H. C., Chang, L. Y., & Wu, M. H. (2013). Center of pressure progression characteristics under the plantar region for elderly adults. Gait & Posture, 37(3), 408-12.
- Dionigi, R. A. (2016). The competitive older athlete: A review of psychosocial and sociological issues. Top Geriatr Rehabil, 32, 55-62.
- Gholizadeh, A., & Shirani, E. (2010). The relation between personal, family, social and economic factors with the rate of life satisfaction of aged people of Isfahan. Applied Sociology, 21(1), 69-82. (Persian).
- Glasgow, R. E., Eakin, E. G., Fisher, E. B., Bacak, S. J., & Brownson, R. C. (2001). Physician advice and support for physical activity: Results from a national survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 21(3), 189-96.
- Goulding, C. (2002). Grounded theory: A practical guide for management, business & market researchers. London: Sage Publications.
- Habibi, A., Savadpoor, M., Molaei, B., Shamshiri, M., & Ghorbani, M. (2009). Survey of physical functioning and prevalence chronic illnesses among the elderly people. Iran Journal of Ageing, 4(13), 67-77. (Persian).
- Hosseini, R., Zabihi, A., & Bijani, A. (2009). Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly population in Amirshahr 2007. Iran Journal of Ageing, 4(11), 46-52. (Persian).
- Kahan, D. (2011). Arab American college students' physical activity and body composition: reconciling Middle East-West differences using the socioecological model. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(1), 118-28.
- Khataminya, F. (2014). Women, culture, sport and community health. Message Woman, 268- 9. (Persian).
- Khezri, A., Arabameri, E., Hemayattalab, R., & Ebrahimi, R. (2014). The effects of exercise and physical activity on reaction time and the elderly. Iranian Journal of Aging, 9(1), 107-13. (Persian).
- Kruger, J., Carlson, S. A., & Kohl, H. W. (2007). Fitness facilities for adults: Differences in perceived access and usage. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(6), 500-5.
- Long-Term Care, Health and Welfare Services for the Elderly, Japan Ministry of Health, Labar and Welfare. (2012). Available at: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english. (12 October 2012).
- Maghsoudnia, Sh., & Shojaei, H. (2005). General medicine of elderly, senior medicine. Research Institute of Medical Sciences and Veterans of Veterans. Available at: http://www.jmerc.ac.ir/index.php/fa/.(24 September 2005). (Persian).
- Mohaghegh, Sh., & Hajian, M. (2013). Sports and air pollution. Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran, 31(3), 237-49. (Persian).
- Nabavi, Sh., Shoja, M., Mohammadi, S., & Rashedi, V. (2014). Health related quality of life in community dwelling older adults of Bojnourd. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, 6(2), 433-9. (Persian).
- Najimi, A., & Moazemi Goudarzi, A. (2012). Healthy lifestyle of the elderly: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Health System Research, 8(4), 581-7. (Persian).
- Omidikia, K. (2011). Understanding organizational capabilities position the brand in the industry food using grounded theory. Journal of Strategic Management Thinking, 9-18. (Persian).
- Palombo, R. (2005). Opportunities for collaboration: Linking public health and aging services networks. Generations, 29(2), 48-53.
- Shirzaie, P. (2007). Place of culture and sports. Cultural Studies Journal Social Khorasan, 5, 87-98. (Persian).
- Sleap, M., & Tzormpatzakis, N. (2007). Participation in physical activity and exercise in Greece: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Public Health, 52(6), 360-71.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Groundedtheory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research. Newbury Park, CT: Sage.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2011). Principles of qualitative research methods. (B. Mohammadi, translator). Tehran: Humanities and Cultural Studies Institute. (Persian).
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1999). Qualitative research in nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Thongsomboon, J. (2005). Health promoting behaviors and quality of life among the elderly in Srisamrong district, Sukhothai province. (Master’s thesis). Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.
- Turner, A., Wilkie, F., & Rosen, N. (2004). Virtual but visible: Developing a promotion strategy for an electronic library. New Library World, 105, 101-2.
- United Nations Population Division. (2009). Press Release: The 2008 revision key findings. New York: United Nations.
- Zahmatkeshan, N., Bagherzadeh, R., Akabirian, H., Yazdankhah Fard, K., Yazdanpanah, S., & Jamand, T. (2011). Evaluation of quality of life and its related factors in elderly people in Bushehr. Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 2(1),53-8. (Persian).
- Zanjani, H., Edrisi, A., & Rahmani, E. (2012). The elderly structure of Iran and the exercise of the elderly. Journal of Social Sciences, 5(4), 165-88. (Persian).
- Zohrevandian, K., Asadi, H., Ebrahimi, F., & Samadi, M. (2015). Determine and prioritizing criteria for site selection of sport facilities for equality in access using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Sport Management, 29, 795-814. (Persian).