نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 مربی مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر شاخص­های سطوح خرد و کلان بر مشارکت ورزشی می­باشد. این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ­از ﻧﻮع مطالعات ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی بوده و ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ انجام شده است. جامعۀ آماری اول آن را کلیۀ سالن‌های ورزشی چند­منظوره، استخرها و زمین‌های چمن ­متعلق به ادارۀ ورزش و جوانان شهر اهواز و سایر ادارات دولتی­ به ﺗﻌﺪاد­ 99 ﻣﻮرد تشکیل داد و جامعۀ آماری دوم نیز شامل تمامی افرادی که از این اماکن ورزشی استفاده می‌­کردند به تعداد 66135 نفر تشکیل دادند. نمونۀ آماری دو جامعه با بهره‌گیری از جدول مورگان به­ ترتیب برابر با 86 مکان ورزشی و 384 نفر بود. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی مدل رگرسیونی با ضرایب تصادفی و مدل‌ تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه با اثرات تصادفی در نرم افزار اچ ال ام شش استفاده شد. یافته ­ها نشان می­دهد که در سطح خرد مربوط به زیرساخت­های ورزشی، مؤلفه­ های اطلاع­ رسانی و سرویس ­دهی، بهداشت و نگه­داری، طراحی پارکینگ، زیبایی‌شناختی، ایمنی، نظارت و کنترل، هم­جواری و مکان­یابی و دسترسی به مجموعه­ های ورزشی بر مشارکت ورزشی افراد اثرگذار می­باشد. در شاخص­های فردی نیز در سطح خرد ­به ­ترتیب درآمد افراد و سطح تحصیلات، ­و در سطح کلان، استخرها و سالن­های چند­منظورۀ ورزشی مهم­ترین متغیرها برای مشارکت ورزشی می­باشند. به­ طور­کلی و با توجه به یافته ­های پژوهش مشخص می­شود که در سطح کلان با افزایش زیرساخت­های ورزشی و در سطح خرد با بهبود سطح تحصیلات و درآمد افراد، مشارکت ورزشی آن­ها نیز افزایش پیدا خواهد کرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Influence of Micro and Macro Level on Sports Participation Using Multilevel Modeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhosein Ebrahimi 1
  • Abdolrahman Mehdipoor 2
  • Tahereh Azmsha 3

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was the influence of micro and macro level indicators on sports participation. This practical study has been implemented through applied field method. The first statistical population was all the 99 gyms, swimming pools and stadiums that belong to Ahvaz Department of Sport and Youth and other governmental offices. The second statistical population was 66135 individuals who use the sport facilities. The statistical sample of both populations, were selected among 86 sport arenas and 384 individuals by using Morgan table. Data collecting method was researcher’s questionnaire. Regression model with random coefficients was used for analysing data and testing hypotheses from descriptive statistics and inferential statistical and ANOVA model with random effects was used in HLM6 software. The results showed that at the micro-level related to sport infrastructures, the elements such as information and services, healthcare and maintenance, parking design, aesthetic, safety, control and monitoring, proximity and positioning, access to sport complex affect people’s sports participation. At the individual indicators of micro level, respectively, income, education level and at the macro-level, swimming pool and multipurpose gym are the most important variables for participation. Generally speaking, according to the findings, at the macro-level by improving sports infrastructure and at the micro-level by increasing education and income levels, sports participation will be increased­.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro and Macro Levels
  • Sport Infrastructure
  • Sports Participation
  • Multi-Level Models
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