نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران
2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران
3 استاد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران
چکیده
امروزه باشگاه‌های حرفه‌ای فوتبال به اشکال مختلفی اداره شده و ساختار مالکیت آنها متفاوت می‌باشد. مالکیت باشگاه‌ها به وسیله‌ی هواداران یکی از شکل‌های رایج اداره‌ی باشگاه‌های فوتبال است. بنابراین، هدف از این تحقیق شناسایی عوامل موثر بر مالکیت هواداران در باشگاه استقلال بود. این تحقیق به روش کیفی و استراتژی داده‌بنیاد و رویکرد فرایندی انجام شد. به این منظور، داده‌های تحقیق از طریق نمونه‌گیری نظری و مصاحبه‌های عمیق با 8 تن از کارشناسان، جمع‌آوری شد. براساس نظریه داده‌بنیاد و رویکرد فرایندی، داده‌ها در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. برای اعتبارسنجی داده‌ها که معادل روایی و پایایی است از دو روش بازکدگذاری توسط محقق و روش بازبینی اعضا استفاده شد. میزان توافق بین کدگذاری اولیه و کدگذاری مجدد 88 درصد بود که نشان‌دهنده‌ی ثبات و درجه توافق مطلوب در کدگذاری است. همچنین برای تایید‌پذیری از روش بازبینی اعضا استفاده شد. براساس نتایج حاصل، عوامل موثر بر مالکیت هواداران در باشگاه استقلال در قالب سه مقوله شرایط علّی، شرایط زمینه‌ای و شرایط مداخله‌گر استخراج شدند. شرایط علّی شامل: مدیریت، شایسته‌سالاری، تامین منابع مالی، مالکیت دولتی، نگاه کوتاه‌مدت، سیاسی‌کاری، کنترل و نظارت، شرایط زمینه‌ای: شامل بسترهای حقوقی، فرهنگی_اجتماعی، آموزشی، امکانات سخت-افزاری و شرایط مداخله‌گر شامل: عوامل سیاسی و حاکمیتی. در نهایت، پیشنهاد می‌شود قوانین ویژه و روشنی برای واگذاری باشگاه به هواداران تهیه و تصویب گردد و از طریق فرهنگ‌سازی و آموزش به هواداران و مسئولان و تامین زیرساخت‌های لازم، شرایط برای واگذاری فراهم گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Factors affecting on the supporters’ ownership in Esteghlal FC Using the Grounded theory
نویسندگان [English]
- Ahmad Asadinia 1
- Noshin Benar 2
- mehrali hematinejhad 3
- shahram shafiee 2
1 PhD Student in Sports Management, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Management, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Management, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
3 Professor of Sports Management, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Management, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Nowadays, professional football clubs are run in different ways and their ownership structure is different. The clubs are owned by supporters is one of the common forms of football clubs’ governance. Hence, the purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting on the supporters’ ownership in Esteghlal FC. This research was conducted qualitatively and using the Grounded Theory and the Systematic approach. For this purpose, research data were collected through theoretical sampling and based on depth interviews with 8 experts. Based on the Grounded theory and with systematic approach, data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. For validation of data that is equivalent to reliability and validity, two methods of Recoding by the researcher and a Member Checking method were used. The agreement between initial coding and recoding was 88%, indicating a degree of consistency and degree of Favorable agreement in coding. Also, the member checking method was used for confirmability. Based on the results factors affecting on the supporters’ ownership in Esteghlal FC were extracted in three categories: Causal Conditions include: management, meritocracy, financing, government ownership, short-term view, politics, control and supervision. Context conditions include: legal barriers, socio-cultural, educational, hardware facilities; Intervening conditions include: political factors and governance factors. It is suggested Special and clear rules to hand over the club to supporters Prepared and approved and Providing conditions for assignment through culture building and education to supporters and officials and providing the necessary infrastructure.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Football Club
- Grounded theory
- Ownership
- Supporters
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